Female - Length at sexual maturity

(1-150 cm)


Species Primary Data Secondary Data Reference
Anguilla anguilla 40-100 70.0 Spillmann, 1961
Anguilla anguilla > 45 [Female] 45.0 Deelder, 1970
Anguilla anguilla Gonadal sex differentiation in the >European eel is ot age dependent but seems to be partly correlated with body length and begins when the eels reach 14-35 cm in length 24.5 Bieniarz et al, 1981
Anguilla anguilla Mean 61, range 39.0-105 [Female, n=1145] 72.0 Vollestad and Jonsson, 1986
Anguilla anguilla Means of 60.2-86.8, in various areas 73.5 Svedäng et al, 1996
Anguilla anguilla Female silver: mean 63.10 ± 1.22, range 53.10-79.50 63.1 Beullens et al, 1997
Anguilla anguilla 45-50 [Female] 47.5 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Anguilla anguilla Metamorphosis occurred between 40-75 cm 57.5 Acou et al, 2003
Anguilla anguilla Usually begin to mature at 54 cm to longer [38-130, silver age, female] 84.0 Coad, 2005
Anguilla anguilla 60 [Unsexed] 60.0 Fishbase, 2006
Anguilla anguilla Females mature at a size of > 60 cm 60.0 Vincent et al, 2005
Alosa alosa 36-60 48.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Alosa alosa 48.1 48.1 Maitland and Lyle, 2005
Alosa alosa 45-50 47.5 Fishbase, 2006
Alosa alosa 30-40 [Both sex] 35.0 Maitland and Hatton-Ellis, 2000
Alosa alosa In females, sizes range from 445-670 mm 557.5 Acolas et al, 2006
Alosa fallax 36.4 36.4 Maitland and Lyle, 2005
Alosa fallax Sizes range from 47.6 to 52.9 cm [Female specified] 52.9 Lopez et al, 2007
Alosa sapidissima 45-48 [Not specified] 46.5 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Alosa sapidissima 38-48 [Female] 43.0 Fishbase, 2006
Alosa sapidissima Mean of fork length of 42.5-47.3 [For females of 4-8 years] 44.9 Olney and McBride, 2003
Alosa sapidissima 28.4-30.8 [Female] 29.6 Anonymous, 2006 Chapter 3
Alosa sapidissima 46.8-49.5 [Mean length of repeat spawners] 48.15 Carscaden and Legget, 1975
Aphanius iberus From 2.3 to 2.8 [Females] 2.3 Fernandez-Delgado et al, 1988
Barbatula barbatula 7-7.3 7.15 Skryabin, 1993
Barbatula barbatula 5.2-6.7 5.95 Saat et al, 2003
Barbatula barbatula The smallest spawning female was 6.2 cm long 6.2 Sauvonsaari, 1971
Cobitis taenia 8.83 8.83 Robotham, 1981
Cobitis taenia Follicular growth began at 28-30 mm in females 29.0 Rasotto, 1992
Cobitis taenia 7.7-7.9 7.8 Vaino and Saat, 2003
Cobitis paludica 5.8-6.4 6.1 Oliva-Paterna et al, 2002
Blicca bjoerkna 13-15 [Sex not specified, in Finland] 14.0 Fishbase, 2006
Blicca bjoerkna Mean of 14.4 14.4 Hansen, 1980
Blicca bjoerkna Mean of 20.61, range 18.4-33.1 for females studied 25.75 Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991
Abramis brama 25-30 [Full range 12-30] 27.5 Backiel and Zawiska, 1968
Abramis brama Above 31 31.0 Shestopalova, 1978
Abramis brama Mean of 26.4 [Fork length] 26.4 Cowx,1983
Abramis brama 24.0-39.4 31.7 Sokolova, 1990
Abramis brama 32.9 ± 0.39 mean with n =122 [Vary from 25.0-43.0] 32.9 Poncin et al, 1996
Abramis brama No mature bream ware found at Lt < 35 cm 35.0 Molls, 1999
Abramis brama 18-24 [Sex not precised] 21.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Abramis brama 24.5-27.7 [Rarely at 18-19] 26.1 Sidorova, 2005
Abramis brama Female breams reach sexual maturity in Vortsjärv at 26-36 cm 31.0 Noges and Järvet, 2005
Abramis brama All the individuals measuring up to 12 cm were immature (Maier gonad maturity scale stage I). The smallest length of mature bream (Maier scale stage II) was 13 cm. At the length of 20 cm, 50% of the population were mature. Thus that length should be regarded as the length at first maturity. All the individuals measuring 30 cm and more were mature. [...] Other studies, on average 26.0-33.5 cm in females 29.75 Neja and Kompowski, 2001
Aristichthys nobilis Most (81%) 75-100 [16% at 76] 87.5 Abdusamadov, 1986
Aristichthys nobilis 67.2-70.3 [Female] 68.75 Jennigs, 1988
Aristichthys nobilis 40-100 70.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Aristichthys nobilis 50-70 [Both sex, in Asia and Europe] 60.0 Schrank, 1999
Aristichthys nobilis 53.8 ± 4.7 [Females in reared conditions] 53.8 Santiago et al, 2004
Aristichthys nobilis 70-80 in temperature conditions [Both sex] 75.0 Kolar et al, 2005
Aspius aspius 41-58 49.5 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Aspius aspius 37.32-45.47 [Female] 41.39 Kompowski et Neja, 2004
Barbus barbus 35 35.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Barbus barbus Above 35 35.0 Philippart, 1987
Barbus barbus Females became mature at 18-20 19.0 Lobon-Cervia and Fernandez-Delgado, 1984
Carassius auratus 13.5 [Both sex] 13.5 Olden et al, 2006
Carassius carassius 11-13 12.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Carassius carassius Mean of females range from 11.69 ± 2.2 (range 7.8-19.1) in Pond Hermanninlampi, and 32.86 ± 6.2 (range 14.9-39.7) and 23.39-+/ 2.3 (range 19.3-27.5) in lake Varaslampi 11.69 Aho and Holopainen, 2000
Chondrostoma nasus A ripe female 41 cm standard length was caught 41.0 Kamler er al., 1996
Chondrostoma nasus One ripe female 48.0 cm total length 48.0 Keckeis et al, 1996
Chondrostoma nasus A ripe female, 10 years of age, 41 cm standard length 41.0 Kamler et al, 1998
Chondrostoma nasus Length frequency distribution of the nase population in the River Fischa, Austria, during the period 1992-1997, range mostly from 40 to 48 cm for females. The size of first spawners is 35 cm for females 1994.5 Kamler and Keckeis, 2000
Chondrostoma nasus 6 females sampled 348-406 SL in April in River Fischa. 6 females sampled 275-409 mm SL in April in River Danube 377.0 Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994
Chondrostoma toxostoma 11-12 [South-west of France], 18-20 [South-east of France] 11.5 Gozlan and Chappaz, 2001
Ctenopharyngodon idella 40-100 70.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Ctenopharyngodon idella 65 65.0 Abdusamadov, 1986
Ctenopharyngodon idella 58.0-63.0 [Malaysia], and 73.8-79.2 [India], female specified 60.5 Fishbase, 2006
Ctenopharyngodon idella 50-86 cm [Sex not specified] 68.0 Cudmore and Mandrak, 2004
Ctenopharyngodon idella 65.0 [Both sex] 65.0 Olden et al, 2006
Ctenopharyngodon idella The grass carp investigated for fecundity were between 66 and 96 cm 96.0 Gorbach, 1972
Ctenopharyngodon idella 58-67 cm in females 62.5 Shireman and Smith, 1983
Cyprinus carpio 30-40 35.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Cyprinus carpio 62.5 [Both sex] 62.5 Olden et al, 2006
Cyprinus carpio Beetween means of 36.2 to 41.0 according to different areas for females 36.2 Ciolac, 2004
Cyprinus carpio In tropical climates, carp mature at 90-140 mm, and in temperate climates at 355-430 mm. Males mature earlier than females. In the present study the majority of fish in the lower Murray are mature by 350 mm 115.0 Smith and Walker, 2004
Gobio gobio 7.9 is the smallest mature female 7.9 Kennedy and Fitzmaurice, 1972
Gobio gobio 8-10 9.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Gobio gobio 9.3 [Female] 9.3 Fishbase, 2006
Gobio gobio 5.5 5.5 Rosecchi et al, 2001
Gobio gobio Female were mature at 9.29 in Stour 9.29 Mann, 1980
Gobio gobio Mean of 11.04, range 8.5-13.6 for females studied 11.05 Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 40-100 70.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 66 66.0 Abdusamadov, 1986
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 55-60 [Unsexed, China] 57.5 Fishbase, 2006
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Fish used in the experiments ranged from 64.5 to 73.8 cm in 1982 and 58.8 to 67.0 in 1983 73.8 Makeeva et al, 1988
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Broodstock used was: mean 68.5±0.5 (range 58-78) in 1982 and mean 63.4±0.3 (range 55-76) in 1983 68.5 Verigin et al, 1990
Leucaspius delineatus 5.4 5.4 Gozlan et al, 2003
Leuciscus cephalus 14.6 14.6 Unlu and Balci, 1993
Leuciscus cephalus 20-30 [Female] 25.0 Fishbase, 2006
Leuciscus cephalus 26.1-32.93 [Female] 29.52 Kalkan et al, 2005
Leuciscus cephalus Minimum length at sexual maturity is 14.4 14.4 Sasi, 2003
Leuciscus cephalus Size in different regions, for females varie between 19.4-22.2 [Age 4] and 24.1-25.1 [Age 5] and 15.2 and 20.8 for both sex at age 4 20.8 Mann, 1976
Leuciscus cephalus The smallest mature female was 7.4 mm 7.4 Ünver, 1998
Leuciscus cephalus Length of females was 19.4 cm. Other described fish matured > 20 cm (sex not specified) 19.4 Zelepien, 1997
Leuciscus cephalus Means of 95.6 [Age 2], 153.1 [Age 3], 175.9 [Age 4], 206.0 [Age 5], 226.2 [Age 6], and 258.5 [Age 7] for females 95.6 Ünver, 1998
Leuciscus cephalus Between 16 and 19 cm fork length 19.0 Erdogan et al, 2002
Leuciscus idus 41-49 [Unsexed] 45.0 Fishbase, 2006
Leuciscus idus Standard length of females reaches 170-330 mm. More precisely 315-328 [Kävlingean], 190 [Dniepr], 281-306 [Dunaj] for females 250.0 Witkowski et al, 1997
Leuciscus leuciscus 16 16.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Leuciscus leuciscus 14-15 [Unsexed] 14.5 Fishbase, 2006
Leuciscus leuciscus The smallest female about to spawn was 14.9 cm [12-15.9 not specified for various populations] 13.95 Lobon-cervia et al, 1996
Leuciscus leuciscus 16 ±1 [Female] 16.0 Mann, 1974
Mylopharyngodon piceus 88-95 [Female] 91.5 Fishbase, 2006
Phoxinus phoxinus 4.7 4.7 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Phoxinus phoxinus 5-6 up to 8 [Male and female] 5.5 Mills, 1987
Phoxinus phoxinus 5.5-6.5 [Bot sex] 6.0 Papadopol and Weinberger, 1975
Phoxinus phoxinus 5.0-5.5 [Both sex in subalpine lake] 5.25 Museth et al, 2002
Phoxinus phoxinus The majority of minnows of over 42 mm, that is, of more than one year old, were sexually mature, although there were some indivudals, males and females, of about 41-45 mm long and in their second year of life which were immature 43.0 Frost, 1943
Phoxinus phoxinus The minnows reached 50.9 mm fork length by their second birthday, wich was the age of first maturity. The sexes did not differ significantly either in length or numbers in the first three age-classes 50.9 Mills and Eloranta, 1985
Pseudorasbora parva The length of sexually mature females varied between 3.5-6 cm, they were considerably smaller in the Amur 4.75 Makeyeva and Mokamed, 1982
Pseudorasbora parva 7.5 7.5 Rosecchi et al, 2001
Pseudorasbora parva When it reaches length of 30 mm (sex not specified) 30.0 Boltachev et al, 2006
Pseudorasbora parva The mean (± SD) total length of fish captured in April and used in the experiment was 6.6 ± 0.3 cm (n=68, range 6.0-7.4) for males 6.6 Katano and Maekawa, 1997
Rhodeus sericeus 3-3.5 3.25 Smith et al, 2004
Rhodeus sericeus 3-3.5 3.25 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Rutilus rutilus 19.4 minimal size (n=3232) and mean=25.8 19.4 Spivak et al, 1979
Rutilus rutilus Between 10-12 cm for age 3, and 12-14 cm for age 4 [Female] 11.0 Vollestad et al, 1987
Rutilus rutilus 11-12 [Smallest mature female 10.6 cm long] 11.5 Papageorgiou, 1979
Rutilus rutilus 14.98 for LT50 [Review for other populations: 10.6 (TL), 8.1-9 (SL), 13.5-15.3 (SL), 10-11 (TL)] 8.55 Tarkan et al, 2006
Rutilus rutilus In the lower Danube, the first mature females among two-year-old individuals of standard length 9 to 13 cm, also described as at the end of the second year of life the first mature individuals reached a length array of 135-153 mm, and 71-180 mm in the Batak reservoir 144.0 Libovarsky et al, 1985
Rutilus rutilus Length of female sampled: 184.65 ± 26.39, range 104-311 (most 176-180) in Gomishan wetland and 203.69 ± 23.61, range 153-271 (most 191-200) mm in Anzali 184.65 Naddafi et al, 2005
Rutilus rutilus Mean of 18.37, range 11.7-28.2 for females studied 19.95 Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991
Rutilus rutilus Bigger than males 10-13 cm 11.5 Noges and Järvet, 2005
Rutilus rutilus Females are often larger than males 0.0 Kortet et al, 2004b
Scardinius erythrophthalmus 17-29 (7.5-11.0 : stunted form due to degraded environmental conditions) 23.0 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Scardinius erythrophthalmus 8.10 for LT50 [Review for other populations: 17-29 (TL)] 23.0 Tarkan et al, 2006
Scardinius erythrophthalmus Females as small as 69 mm contained mature eggs 69.0 Hicks, ???
Tinca tinca 25-30 27.5 Horvath et al, 1992
Tinca tinca 23.9±1.4 for female at age 4 23.9 Yilmaz, 2002
Tinca tinca Mean of 20.5 ±0.15 for female at 4 20.5 Alas and Solak, 2004
Tinca tinca Smallest length class sampled: 22.1-24 cm 23.05 Pimpicka, 1981
Tinca tinca It appears that in both spawning seasons, females taking part in the reproduction were in body length classes 21.2-35.4 cm 28.3 Pimpicka, 1991
Vimba vimba 15-31 23.0 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Vimba vimba >27 27.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Vimba vimba 16-23 [Length of most spawning females] 19.5 Coad, 2005
Vimba vimba 24 24.0 Hliwa and Martyniak, 2002
Vimba vimba 22.2-34.0 28.1 Hliwa et al, 2002
Vimba vimba The average of body length of spawners caught in 1969 and 1970 was about 36 cm [Both sex] 36.0 Wajdowicz, 1974
Vimba vimba The major part of the spawning population consists of 16-23 cm females. In all studied year, mature females ranges from 13.5-17.8 [Age 3]; 16.8-18.9 [Age 4], 19.4-20.9 [Age 5] 19.5 Kuliev, 1988
Vimba vimba Migrating females are 28-30 cm long. A common size is 25.5-29.6 cm 29.0 Kesminas et al, 1999
Vimba vimba Spawners used in the experiments were 5-7+, and size was 24.9 ± 2.45 24.9 Hliwa et al, 2003
Vimba vimba 845 spawners with the body length (logitudo corporis) ranging from 24.5 to 40.5 cm and the total length (longitudo totalis) range of 29.5-48.5 cm 39.0 Trzebiatowski and Narozanski, 1973
Gambusia affinis 2.6 [Female specified] 2.6 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Gambusia affinis 2.4 [Both sex] 2.4 Olden et al, 2006
Gambusia affinis Nine females comprised three large individuals (4.5-5 cm) in length born the predecing year, three middle-sized individuals (2.5-3 in length) born early in the year 4.75 Medlen, 1951
Gambusia affinis Adult females > 2.3 cm 2.3 Hughes, 1985
Esox masquinongy 77 [Female] 77.0 Fishbase, 2006
Esox masquinongy On the basis of spring trapnet catches during spawning (1999-2000), female muskellunge captured at 864-965 mm (34-38 inches) were sexually mature 1999.5 Farrell et al, 2005
Esox niger 38-46 [Sex not specified] 42.0 Coffie, 1998
Esox niger 37.2-42.3 [Both sex] 39.75 Anonymous, 2006
Esox lucius 41.5 [The samllest maturing female is 25.7 cm] 25.7 Toner and Lawler, 1969
Esox lucius 30-40 35.0 Hovarth et al, 1992
Esox lucius 30-65 47.5 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Esox lucius 25.7-50.8 [Entire range] 38.25 Billard, 1996
Esox lucius 31.0-49.8 [Sex specified, rarely 27.0] 40.4 Frost and Kipling, 1967
Esox lucius 44.0 [Both sex] 44.0 Olden et al, 2006
Esox lucius The smallest female on first spawning were 28 cm but some females of age 2 < 32 m were observed to be immature. The range in observed length of females at age 3 was 29-36 cm at Kinord and 44-51 cm at Davan [other studie both both sex: range from 30 to 119 cm] 32.5 Treasurer, 1990
Esox lucius Mean of 41.22, range 35.2-58.0 for females studied 46.6 Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991
Lota lota 32-34 [Sex not specified] 33.0 Van Houdt, 2003
Lota lota 30-40 35.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Lota lota 28-48 [Both sex] 38.0 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Lota lota 35-40 37.5 Fishbase, 2006
Lota lota 65 [Lowest size] 65.0 Vedeneev et al, 2003
Lota lota 28-48 [Sex not specified] 38.0 Anonymous, 2003
Lota lota 16.2 [Age 3], 19.3 [Age 4], 20.7 [Age 5] both sex in Winnipeg Beach 16.2 Hewson, 1955
Lota lota Mean 57, range 45.5-77 [Age 6+], Mean 55.4, range 49-75 [Age 7+], and mean 71.3, range 55-87 [Age 8+] 61.25 Kirillov, 1989
Lota lota The mean length of mature males and females was the same 49 ± 3 cm 49.0 Pulliainen and Korhonen, 1990
Lota lota Mean of 22.95, range 21.2-25.9 for females studied 23.55 Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991
Lota lota Burbot mature at a length of 30 cm [Sex not specified] 30.0 Kujawa et al, 2002
Lota lota The length of adult burbot is normally in the range 300-500 mm 400.0 Slavik and Bartos, 2002
Gasterosteus aculeatus 5.5 [Female] 5.5 Fishbase, 2006
Gasterosteus aculeatus 3.1-6.4 [Length of adult female during the breeding season] 4.75 Poizat et al, 2002
Gasterosteus aculeatus 5.2 [SL, smallest individual with ripe eggs] 5.2 Copp et al, 2002
Gasterosteus aculeatus Length of female producing eggs: mean of 47.9, range 41.0-74.0 mm 57.5 Wootton, 1973
Gasterosteus aculeatus Lengths of female caught in May anf June: 38.5 ± 1.55 mm and 41.7 mm, respectively in Frongoch and 46.0 ±2.01 mm and 44 ±1.01 mm in Rheidol 38.5 Wootton et al, 1978
Gasterosteus aculeatus Although the smallest female with mature ova was 43 mm, the majority of females did not have mature ova until 45 mm SL 43.0 Mori and Magoshi, 1987
Pungitius pungitius 3.7 [Unsexed] 3.7 Fishbase, 2006
Pungitius pungitius 3.8-5.7 [Female] 4.75 Sokolowska and Skora, 2001
Pungitius pungitius 5.33-5.8 [Mean size of reproducing female], with smallest of 4.47-4.81 5.56 Heins et al, 2003
Pungitius pungitius 3.5 [SL, smallest individual with ripe eggs] 3.5 Copp et al, 2002
Pungitius pungitius Mean or most common values and ranges in parenthses => 53.1 (39.9-71.8) Ls in Alaskan Lake; 38 (30-54) in Québec river, 47 (c. 35-54) in Québec Lake; (48-61) in Indiana Lake USA; (28-48) in English stream 55.85 Heins et al, 2003
Ambloplites rupestris 12.0 [Both sex] 12.0 Olden et al, 2006
Lepomis gibbosus Mean length at maturity was 6.11 SL [Both sex] 6.11 Copp et al, 2002
Lepomis gibbosus From 4.76 to 9.2 SL in Europe [Both sex] 4.76 Copp et al, 2002
Lepomis gibbosus Mean length at maturity of females at 7 [In warm thermal environments] 7.0 Fox and Crivelli, 2001
Lepomis gibbosus 8.9 [Both sex] 8.9 Olden et al, 2006
Lepomis gibbosus Females 138.03 ± 3.1826 for Lower Berveley Lake and 110.11 ± 2.6945 for Upper Beverley lake 138.03 Deacon and Keast, 1987
Lepomis gibbosus Female mean age at maturity: 100 mm [Ontario Lakes, Canada], 78.5 mm [Cottesmore Pond, England], 70.7 mm [Rhône River, Delta canals, France], 76.6 mm [Mirgenbach Reservoir, Moselle, France] 100.0 Dembski et al, 2006
Lepomis gibbosus Length at maturity in various studies: 61.1 mm [England, Cottesmore pond], 75.0 [Romania, Danube Delta], 47.6 [Spain, Banyoles Lake], 50.0 [Brazil, Custodio's Dam], 74 [Canada, Warrens Lake], 84.0 [Canada, Black lake] 61.1 De Magalhaes and Ratton, 2005
Micropterus dolomieui 22 [Female] 22.0 Fishbase, 2006
Micropterus dolomieui 20.5 [Both sex] 20.5 Olden et al, 2006
Micropterus salmoides 25 25.0 Heidinger, 1976
Micropterus salmoides 26 26.0 Newburg, 1975
Micropterus salmoides 22-24 (in Southern US) 23.0 Williamson et al, 1993
Micropterus salmoides 25 25.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Micropterus salmoides 17-22 19.5 Carrel and Schlumberger, 2001
Micropterus salmoides 21.5 [Both sex] 21.5 Olden et al, 2006
Dicentrarchus labrax 25-40 32.5 Zohar et al, in Barnabé et Billard ed. L'aquaculture du Bar et des Sparidés, INRA Publ., Paris, 1984, 3-24
Dicentrarchus labrax 36-46 [Female] 41.0 Fishbase, 2006
Dicentrarchus labrax 37.7 [Great Brittany], 42.5 [Arcachon, France], 37.1-40 [Sète, France] and 31.4-32.6 [Tunisia] 38.55 Barnabé, 1980
Morone americana > 17.2 Fork length are mature 17.2 Sheri and Power, 1968
Morone americana 9.0-9.8 length at first maturity 9.4 Stanley and Danie, 1983
Morone americana 15.5-19.0 [Adult size, sex not specified] 17.25 Rue, 2001
Morone americana In general females mature after males, beginning at 9 cm. The length at which 50 per cent of the females are sexually mature is 10.33 cm 9.0 Mansuetti, 1961
Morone chrysops 26 26.0 Internet, 2005
Morone chrysops 28 [Female] 28.0 Fishbase, 2006
Morone chrysops On average, adults are between 25.4 to 35.6 cm 35.6 Anonymous, 2006 Chapter 3
Morone chrysops 27.5 [Both sex] 27.5 Olden et al, 2006
Morone chrysops Mean length of females selected for hatchery trials in 1994 were 292 mm TL (age 2) and 310 (age 3) 1994.0 Smith et al, 1996
Morone chrysops The majority the Lake Erie white bass studied did not mature sexually until the age 3 when they averaged 277 mm total length 3.0 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Morone saxatilis 45 [Both sex] 45.0 Olden et al, 2006
Morone saxatilis In 1976: female were mature at size 57.7 (47%), 69.0 (87%), 73.7 (90%), 90.6 (100%) 1976.0 McLaren et al, 1981
Morone saxatilis Size of females sampled in Albemarle Sound in spring 1989-1990: mean 50.4, range 45.7-55 [Age 3]; mean 56.8, range 49.2-62.8 [Age 4], mean 58.9, range 53.4-65.4 Age 5], mean 62.7, range 57.5-69.6 (Age 6 1989.5 Olsen and Rulifson, 1992
Morone saxatilis Size of mature females in spring : 47.8 ±3.18 [Age 4], 51.6 ± 0.87 [Age 5], 58.2 ± 0.84 [Age 6] and 66.9 ± 1.2 [Age 7 47.8 Berlinsky et al, 1995b
Gymnocephalus cernua 11-12 [Sex not specified] 11.5 Ogle, 1998
Gymnocephalus cernua 11-12 [Sex not specified] but sometimes 6.5-7.0 11.5 Craig, 2000
Gymnocephalus cernua 5.7-9 SL [All female exceeding 9 cm were mature] 7.35 Kovac, 1998
Gymnocephalus cernua Described as 11-12, but also at 6.5-7.0 [sex not specified] 11.5 Neja, 1988
Perca flavescens 14-19.1, with a mean of 15.8 [Sex specified] 16.55 Heidinger and Kayes, 1986
Perca flavescens 15.0 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Perca flavescens Size of female at age 2 range from 9.9-16.2 13.05 Brazo et al, 1975
Perca flavescens The smallest stunded female was 8.4 cm long 8.4 Jansen ,1996
Perca fluviatilis 12-18 15.0 Thorpe, 1977
Perca fluviatilis About 11 cm 11.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Perca fluviatilis 15-18 16.5 Treasurer, 1981
Perca fluviatilis 12-15 [Female] 13.5 Fishbase, 2006
Perca fluviatilis In lake Geneva, 87% of perch female became mature during the second year and their size varied from 13 to 20 cm 20.0 Gillet et al, 1995
Perca fluviatilis Described as female P. fluviatilis to first spawn as smal as 9.3 and 10 cm, the smallest size recorded for this species. 10.0 Jansen ,1996
Sander lucioperca 30-40 35.0 Hovarth et al, 1992
Sander lucioperca For females, maturity is reached at a longer size than males. Up to 33 cm, all the females are immatures. Beyond 42 cm, all females are mature. Between thse two sizes, the percentage of mature fish is egal to 60% [In other countries about 40 cm] 33.0 Goubier, XXX
Sander lucioperca 27.8-29.7 [Smallest size, sex specified] 28.75 Raikova-Petrova and Zivkov, 1998
Sander lucioperca About 40 but 23 in Tunisia 40.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Sander lucioperca 28-36 32.0 Lappaleinen et al, 2003
Sander lucioperca 40 [Female] 40.0 Olivier and Schlumberger, 2001
Sander lucioperca 42-44 [Female] 43.0 Deeler and Willemsen, 1964
Sander lucioperca About half mature at 32.2, and 100% at 42.0 32.2 Poulet, 2004
Sander lucioperca Smallest mature female are 27.8 27.8 Zivkov and Petrova, 1993
Sander lucioperca The smallest sizes of mature females in reservoir Batak Dam is 29.7 cm, and in Ovcharitsa cooling reservoir 27.8 29.7 Raikova-Petrova and Zivkov, 1998
Sander vitreus Size greater than 36 36.0 Malison and Held, 1996b
Sander vitreus 35.6-43.2 39.4 Colby et al, 1979
Sander vitreus 35.6-43.2 39.4 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Sander vitreus 36 [Female] 36.0 Fishbase, 2006
Sander vitreus 32 [Both sex] 32.0 Olden et al, 2006
Sander vitreus Female sampled from the Swam Creek spawning population ranged in size from 450 to 770 mm FL 450.0 Johnston, 1997
Sander vitreus 47.0 47.0 Goubier, XXX
Sander vitreus The total length of the smallest mature female from the eastern basin was 433 mm; about 50% were mature at 450 mm and all were mature at 540 mm. The smallest mature female from the western basin was 378 mm long; 50% were mature at 430 mm and all were mature at 510 mm 433.0 Wolfert, 1969
Sander vitreus Fork length, population of Manitoba 625 +/-15, and Ontario 663 +/-12 625.0 Johnston et al, 2007
Sander vitreus The length of walleyes used in the fecundity sample ranged from 11.0 to 24.7 inches and averaged 17.1 (SD= 2.4 in.) 11.0 Schueller et al, 2005
Coregonus lavaretus 27.9 27.9 Bagenal, 1970
Coregonus albula 15.3-26.5 [Female in two different populations] 20.9 Demska-Zakes and Dlugosz, 1995
Coregonus albula 14.5-19.0 16.75 Dlugosz and Worniallo, 1985
Coregonus albula Length of the female examined range from 14.5 to 26.0 14.5 Wilkonska, 1992
Coregonus albula Mean 18.3, range 14.5-28.2 21.35 Wilkonska et al, 1993
Coregonus albula Length of examined nominate form: mean 20.8, range 18.5-22.5; and deepwater form, mean 14.2; 10.4-17.7 20.5 Anwand, 1998
Coregonus albula Overall mean length was 20.9 ±2.3 20.9 Sarvala et al, 1992
Coregonus clupeaformis 23-27 [Sex mixed] 25.0 Fishbase, 2006
Hucho hucho 70-100 85.0 Barton, 1996
Hucho hucho Mean of 83.6, range 63.0-94.5 [For female migrating] 78.75 Witkowski, 1988
Hucho hucho At the age of 5 years, female are 65-70 cm long 67.5 Prawochensky and Kolder, 1968
Hucho hucho Average length of 70 cm [Sex not specified] 70.0 Jungwirth, 1979
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 61 61.0 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 44.8-50.8 mean fork length between 1971-1979 [n= 4500] 47.8 Golobanov, 1982
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 40.3-54.5 [mean varies between 43.7-52.7] 47.4 Zolotukhin, 1993
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 39.3 ± 3 39.3 Macquarrie et al, 1979
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Spawning runs in 1979 averaged 358 mm in fork length for both sexes, whereas from a pooled Lake Huron/Lake Michigan sample averaged 389 mm for both sexes 1979.0 Kwain, 1982
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Mean standard length: 47.58, range 43.0-54.9 48.95 Keenleyside and Dupuis, 1988
Oncorhynchus keta 63.5 63.5 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus keta 69.6-73.2 [Both sex] 71.4 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Oncorhynchus keta 70.0 70.0 Fishbase, 2006
Oncorhynchus keta In Central coast, for females, mean size of 49-53.5 [Age 3], 53.1-59 [Age 4] and 63.2 [Age 5] 51.25 Beacham and Murray, 1987
Oncorhynchus kisutch 45.7-61 53.35 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus kisutch 41-67 54.0 Groot, 1996
Oncorhynchus kisutch 40.3 ±2.3 [n=30 artificial conditions] 40.3 MacQuarrie et al, 1978
Oncorhynchus kisutch Length reached by wild coho salmon at maturation ranges from 60 to 90 cm, and 62.3 ± 2.5 cm for cultured females int this study 62.3 Estay et al, 1998
Oncorhynchus kisutch Average total length means in different populations range from 51.2 to 79.3 51.2 Stauffer, 1976
Oncorhynchus kisutch Fork length of the female studied range from 44 to 74 cm 74.0 Allen, 1958
Oncorhynchus kisutch Average fork length in different populations range from 55.1 to 72.8 55.1 Crone and Bond, 1976
Oncorhynchus mykiss 30.5-45.7 or 50.8-76.2 38.1 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus mykiss 15 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Oncorhynchus mykiss Females sampled were 37.1 ± 0.8 [Age 2], 56.0 ± 3.7 [Age 3] and 60.5 ± 2.6 [Age 4] 37.1 Kato and Kamler, 1983
Oncorhynchus nerka 45-61 53.0 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus nerka 53.3-55.9 [Length of female at the beginning and at the end of the running migration] 54.6 Yegorova, 1978
Oncorhynchus nerka 18.0 [Both sex] 18.0 Olden et al, 2006
Oncorhynchus nerka Average of 24.9 [Kokanee] and 41.0-49.8 [Sockeye] 45.4 Kaeriyama et al, 1995
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 83.9-91.5 87.7 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha The postorbital-hypural length : 73.9.-79.4 with n = 540, i.e. more than 90% of the sample [Complete mean range : 68.6 (n=35), 794 (n=147] 44.2 Beacham, 1989
Salmo salar 24-48 mean with n= 101] 36.0 Jarrams, 1979
Salmo salar 50.8-61.0 [Not specified] 55.9 Kerr and Grant, 1999
Salmo trutta fario 40.6 40.6 Barton, 1996
Salmo trutta fario 14.7 14.7 Fishbase, 2006
Salmo trutta fario Most between 20.2-22.8 [Female] 21.5 Kerr and Grant, 1999
Salmo trutta fario 20.5 [Both sex] 20.5 Olden et al, 2006
Salmo trutta fario Nearly all females were mature when they are 304 mm long 304.0 Taure, 1976
Salmo trutta fario Between year 1969 and 1994, mean total length range from 61.2 to 72.5, and overall range from 40.0 to 91.5 cm 91.5 Papala et al, 1998
Salmo trutta fario Total length of the females spawning in Själsoänduring the season1992/1993 at 1999/2000, ranged from 185 to 890 mm (mean 572+/- 112 mm, n=238) 572.0 Rubin et al,2004
Salmo trutta fario The Lt of spawning females ranged from 185 to 890 mm. The distribution was unimodal for females with a mean +/- SD of 572 +/- 112 mm (n=283) 572.0 Rubin et al, 2005
Salmo trutta fario Length range of mature sea trout females (cm) in Pomeranian rivers: 36-91 (Rega), 34-93 (Parseta), 49-92 (Grabowa) 63.5 Chelkowski et al, 1990
Salvelinus alpinus 23.5 23.5 Jamet, 1995
Salvelinus alpinus 30-45 [Far east], 45-60 [Alaska], 62-80 [Nortwest territories], 38-69.5 [Arctic islands] 37.5 Groot, 1996
Salvelinus alpinus 30 or smaller [Generally for non-anadramous arctic-charr] 30.0 Groot, 1996
Salvelinus alpinus About 29 29.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Salvelinus alpinus 60.0 60.0 Fishbase, 2006
Salvelinus alpinus Some populations at 15.2-17.8 [Female] 16.5 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Salvelinus alpinus The most common modal size range for the char within the 2 rivers was 44 ± 3 cm fork length 44.0 Beddow et al, 1998
Salvelinus alpinus The length at maturity of the Syvia Grinnel char is about 45 cm 45.0 Grainger, 1953
Salvelinus alpinus The mean fork length of the 14 females spawned were 490. 7 ± 18.9 mm (range from 450 to 528 mm), much smaller than in wild conditions 624-697 mm 7.0 Papst and Hopky, 1984
Salvelinus fontinalis Mean 41, range 29.5-53.3 [Both sex] 41.4 Fraser, 1985
Salvelinus fontinalis 15.0 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Salvelinus fontinalis Spawning females were: in 1994, n=47, 37.2 ±6.5; in 1995, n=42, 37.6 ± 6.4 37.2 Blanchfield and Ridgway, 1997
Salvelinus fontinalis The extreme variation in the size of female trout, which would spawned during the year of collection, ranged from 114-559 mm 336.5 Vladykov, 1956
Salvelinus fontinalis 87 percent of the anadromous fish which were mature were over 30 cm, whereas 51% of the maturing freshwater fish were under 24 cm 30.0 Castonguay et al, 1982
Salvelinus fontinalis Means of female sizes involved in spawing range from 36.5 ±1.2 to 41.1 ± 1.3 36.5 Blanchfield and Ridgway, 1999
Salvelinus namaycush 38.0 [Both sex] 38.0 Olden et al, 2006
Stenodus leucichthys 70-75 72.5 Fishbase, 2006
Stenodus leucichthys Mass maturation for females at 70-75 [But could be as 66.2] 72.5 Chereshnev et al, 2000
Thymallus thymallus 28-35 [Sex not specified] 31.5 Persat, 2001
Thymallus thymallus Most frequently size of female 29.5-34.5, full range of 22.0-39.6 cm 30.8 Witkowski and Kowalewski, 1988
Thymallus thymallus Two females (total lengths 25 and 30 cm) 30.0 Darchambeau and Poncin, 1997
Thymallus arcticus Mostly 40.6-50.8 45.7 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Thymallus arcticus 26.8 [Both sex] 26.8 Olden et al, 2006
Cottus gobio 4.2 [Female] 4.2 Fishbase, 2006
Cottus gobio Most at 4-6 5.0 Marconato and Bisazza, 1988
Cottus gobio Among actively reproducing female, the smallest gravid female was 5.7 cm and 13.4 cm 5.7 Abdoli et al, 2005
Ameiurus nebulosus In Canada adults are usually 8-14 inches (203-356 mm) in total length 11.0 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Ameiurus nebulosus 19.3 [Both sex] 19.3 Olden et al, 2006
Ictalurus punctatus 36 [Unsexed] 36.0 Fishbase, 2006
Ictalurus punctatus 26.7-40.6 [Both sex] 33.65 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Ictalurus punctatus 27.5 [Both sex] 27.5 Olden et al, 2006
Silurus glanis Mass maturation occurs at 57-66 cm, however the maturation rate may be 50.7 [Sex not specified] 61.5 Orlova, 1987
Silurus glanis 63.5 63.5 Zholdasova and Guseva, 1987
Silurus glanis 50-70 60.0 Hovarth et al, 1992
Silurus glanis 50-60 [Sex not specified] 55.0 Schlumberger and Proteau, 2001
Silurus glanis The smallest mature female was 86.0 cm [85.0-90.0 cm], also [58-60 for both sex in other studies] 87.5 Alp et al, 2004
Osmerus eperlanus Average: 9-18, from 4.7-8.2, to 19.6-23.4 in g [Both sex] 13.5 Belyanina, 1969
Osmerus eperlanus 8.6-14.1 [Age 1], 13.9-19.2 [Age 2], 16.5-21.3 [Age 3], 18.7-24.5 [Age 4], 20.6-24.5 [Age 5], depending on authors for both sex 11.35 Buckley, 1989
Osmerus eperlanus Average fork length of the spawing smelt was 15.7 cm and ranged from 13.5 to 20 cm [Both sex] 15.7 Quigley et al, 2004
Anguilla anguilla 20-50 35.0 Spillmann, 1961
Anguilla anguilla 29-40 [Silver age] 34.5 Coad, 2005
Anguilla anguilla 60 [Unsexed] 60.0 Fishbase, 2006
Anguilla anguilla < 45 [Male] 45.0 Deelder, 1970
Anguilla anguilla 30-45 [Male] 37.5 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Anguilla anguilla Mean 41, range 32.5-45 [Female, n=75] 38.75 Vollestad and Jonsson, 1986
Anguilla anguilla On average less than 45-50 cm 47.5 Colombo and Grandi, 1996
Anguilla anguilla Male silver: mean 42.03 ± 0.29, range 35.10-58.20 42.03 Beullens et al, 1997
Anguilla anguilla Male silver eels about 38 cm were brought to the laboratory 38.0 Boetius and Boetius, 1980
Anguilla anguilla Males tend to mature at a size of around 40 cm 40.0 Vincent et al, 2005
Alosa alosa 32-56 44.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Alosa alosa 42.1 42.1 Maitland and Lyle, 2005
Alosa alosa 30-35 32.5 Fishbase, 2006
Alosa alosa 30-40 [Both sex] 35.0 Maitland and Hatton-Ellis, 2000
Alosa alosa In males, sizes ranged from 370 to 585 mm 370.0 Acolas et al, 2006
Alosa fallax 34.1 34.1 Maitland and Lyle, 2005
Alosa fallax For female from the Severn, the critical size appears to be approximatively 330 to 340 mm 330.0 Aprahamian and Lester, 2001
Alosa fallax Range from 36.5 to 46 [Male specified] 36.5 Lopez et al, 2007
Alosa sapidissima 45-48 [Not specified] 46.5 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Alosa sapidissima 30-44, male 37.0 Fishbase, 2006
Alosa sapidissima 26.5-27.8 27.15 Anonymous, 2006 Chapter 3
Alosa sapidissima 42.9-46.9 [Mean length of repeat spawners] 44.9 Carscaden and Legget, 1975
Aphanius iberus Between 1.7 to 2.4 [Male] 1.7 Fernandez-Delgado et al, 1988
Barbatula barbatula 5.1-6.6 5.85 Saat et al, 2003
Cobitis taenia 5.7-6 5.85 Vaino and Saat, 2003
Cobitis taenia 6.4-7.5 6.95 Robotham, 1981
Cobitis taenia Spermatogenesis began at 38-40 mm in males 39.0 Rasotto, 1992
Cobitis paludica 48-53 50.5 Oliva-Paterna et al, 2002
Blicca bjoerkna 13-15 [Sex not specified, in Finland] 14.0 Fishbase, 2006
Blicca bjoerkna Mean of 11.1-13.3 12.2 Hansen, 1980
Abramis brama 23.0-35.6 29.3 Sokolova, 1990
Abramis brama 25-30 [Full range 9-30] 27.5 Backiel and Zawiska, 1968
Abramis brama No mature bream ware found at Lt< 35 cm 35.0 Molls, 1999
Abramis brama 27.7 [Fork length] 27.7 Cowx,1983
Abramis brama Male breams reach sexual maturity in Vortsjärv 25-32 cm long 28.5 Noges and Järvet, 2005
Abramis brama All the individuals measuring up to 12 cm were immature (Maier gonad maturity scale stage I). The smallest length of mature bream (Maier scale stage II) was 13 cm. At the length of 20 cm, 50% of the population were mature. Thus that length should be regarded as the length at first maturity. All the individuals measuring 30 cm and more were mature. 12.0 Neja and Kompowski, 2001
Aristichthys nobilis 40-90 65.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Aristichthys nobilis 81-90 for 90% of males [75 for smallest male] 85.5 Abdusamadov, 1986
Aristichthys nobilis 70-80 in temperate conditions [Bot sex] 75.0 Kolar et al, 2005
Aristichthys nobilis 48.4 ±2.4 [Males in reared conditons] 48.4 Santiago et al, 2004
Aristichthys nobilis 50-70 [Both sex, in Asia and Europe] 60.0 Schrank, 1999
Aristichthys nobilis Individuals studied were 95.5 ± 1.1 cm long 95.5 Belova, 1981
Aspius aspius 41-58 49.5 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Aspius aspius 39.20-45.09 [Male] 42.15 Kompowski et Neja, 2004
Barbus barbus Above 13 13.0 Philippart, 1987
Barbus barbus Males become mature at 7 7.0 Lobon-Cervia and Fernandez-Delgado, 1984
Carassius auratus 13.5 [Both sex] 13.5 Olden et al, 2006
Carassius carassius Mean of males range from 8.95 ± 1.8 (range 6.3-15.2) in Pond Hermanninlampi, and 28.90 ± 5.5 (range 13.9-35.7) and 23.28-+/ 4.6 (range 14.8-28.5) in lake Varaslampi 8.95 Aho and Holopainen, 2000
Chondrostoma nasus Length frequency distribution of the nase population in the River Fischa, Austria, during the period 1992-1997, range mostly from 40 to 48 cm for males. The size of first spawners is 30 cm for males 1994.5 Kamler and Keckeis, 2000
Chondrostoma nasus 6 Males sampled 289-397 SL in April in River Fischa. 8 males sampled 312-380 mm SL in April in River Danube 343.0 Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994
Chondrostoma toxostoma 11-12 [South-west of France], 18-20 [South-east of France] 11.5 Gozlan and Chappaz, 2001
Ctenopharyngodon idella 40-90 65.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Ctenopharyngodon idella 63 63.0 Abdusamadov, 1986
Ctenopharyngodon idella 51.0-60.0 [Malaysia], 60.-75.0 [Russia fed], male specified 55.5 Fishbase, 2006
Ctenopharyngodon idella 65.0 [Both sex] 65.0 Olden et al, 2006
Ctenopharyngodon idella Fish investigated were 76.0 ±1.2 cm 76.0 Belova, 1981
Ctenopharyngodon idella 51-60 for males 55.5 Shireman and Smith, 1983
Cyprinus carpio 25-30 27.5 Horvath et al, 1992
Cyprinus carpio 62.5 [Both sex] 62.5 Olden et al, 2006
Cyprinus carpio Between means of 28.9 to 34.9 according to different areas for males 28.9 Ciolac, 2004
Cyprinus carpio Individuals studied were 56.3 ± 1 and 54.2 ± 0.7 56.3 Belova, 1981
Gobio gobio 6.9 is the smallest male 6.9 Kennedy and Fitzmaurice, 1972
Gobio gobio 9.70-10.50 [Male] 10.1 Fishbase, 2006
Gobio gobio Mean size of mature males 10.46 cm in Frome and 9.66 cm in Stour 10.46 Mann, 1980
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 40-90 65.0 Horvath et al, 1992
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 61 61.0 Abdusamadov, 1986
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 55-60 [Unsexed, China] 57.5 Fishbase, 2006
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Individuals studied ranged from 65 ± 0.7 to 70.7± 1.2 65.0 Belova, 1981
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Broodstock used was: mean 64.7 ± 0.5, (range 54-75) in 1982, and mean 60.2 ± 0.5 (range 43-71) in 1983 64.7 Verigin et al, 1990
Leucaspius delineatus 4.5-5.5 [Territorial male] 5.0 Gozlan et al, 2003
Leuciscus cephalus 13 13.0 Unlu and Balci, 1993
Leuciscus cephalus 30.7 30.7 Kalkan et al, 2005
Leuciscus cephalus Minimum length at sexual maturity is 14.5 14.5 Sasi, 2003
Leuciscus cephalus Size in different regions, for males varie between 13.8-20.1 [Age 3] and 19.4-22 [Age 4] and 15.2 and 20.8 for both sex at age 4 16.95 Mann, 1976
Leuciscus cephalus The smallest mature male was 67 mm 67.0 Ünver, 1998
Leuciscus cephalus Males maturing were 12.0 cm. 12.0 Zelepien, 1997
Leuciscus cephalus Between 13 and 18 cm fork length 18.0 Erdogan et al, 2002
Leuciscus idus 41-49 [Unsexed] 45.0 Fishbase, 2006
Leuciscus idus Standard length of males reaches 180-310 mm. More precisely 220 [Dniepr], 278-310 [Dunaj] for males 245.0 Witkowski et al, 1997
Leuciscus leuciscus 16 [Sex not precised] 16.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Leuciscus leuciscus 16.3 [Male] 16.3 Fishbase, 2006
Leuciscus leuciscus 12-15.9 [Not specified for various populations] 13.95 Lobon-cervia et al, 1996
Leuciscus leuciscus 15.9 ± 0.5 [Male] 15.9 Mann, 1974
Mylopharyngodon piceus 90 [Male] 90.0 Fishbase, 2006
Phoxinus phoxinus 4.1 4.1 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Phoxinus phoxinus 5-6 up to 8 [Male and female] 5.5 Mills, 1987
Phoxinus phoxinus 5.5-6.5 [Bot sex] 6.0 Papadopol and Weinberger, 1975
Phoxinus phoxinus 5.0-5.5 [Both sex in subalpine lake] 5.25 Museth et al, 2002
Phoxinus phoxinus The majority of minnows of over 42 mm, that is, of more than one year old, were sexually mature, although there were some indivudals, males and females, of about 41-45 mm long and in their second year of life which were immature 43.0 Frost, 1943
Pimephales promelas 5.2±0.2 5.2 DeWitt, 1993
Pseudorasbora parva Mature males used were 5.95 ± 0.95 cm 5.95 Konishi and Takata, 2004
Pseudorasbora parva The mean (± SD) total length of fish captured in April and used in the experiment was 7.9 ± 0.5 cm (n=68, range 7.0-8.9) for males 7.9 Katano and Maekawa, 1997
Rhodeus sericeus 3-3.5 [Both sex] 3.25 Smith et al, 2004
Rutilus rutilus 17.5 minimal length (n=4543) and mean=24 17.5 Spivak et al, 1979
Rutilus rutilus From 8-9 at age 2, to 10-11 for age 3, male 8.5 Vollestad et al, 1987
Rutilus rutilus Smallest mature male 7.4 cm long 7.4 Papageorgiou, 1979
Rutilus rutilus 12.26 for LT50 [Review from other populations: 7.4 (TL), 6.3-7.0 SL), 11-13.5 (SL) and 9-10 (SL)] 6.65 Tarkan et al, 2006
Rutilus rutilus Length of male sampled: 167.72 ± 33.58, range 91-237 (most 161-170) in Gomishan wetland and 202.65 ± 21.45, range 137-275 (most 201-210) mm in Anzali 167.72 Naddafi et al, 2005
Rutilus rutilus When they are 8-11 cm long 9.5 Noges and Järvet, 2005
Scardinius erythrophthalmus 17-29 (7.5-11.0 : stunted form due to degraded environmental conditions) 23.0 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Scardinius erythrophthalmus 7.12 for LT50 [Review from other populations: 17-29 (SL)] 23.0 Tarkan et al, 2006
Scardinius erythrophthalmus > 60 mm fork length for males 60.0 Hicks, ???
Tinca tinca 25-30 27.5 Horvath et al, 1992
Tinca tinca Mean of 17.4 ± 0.086 for age 3 17.4 Alas and Solak, 2004
Vimba vimba 15-31 23.0 Shikhshabekov, 1979
Vimba vimba >20 20.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Vimba vimba 13-19 16.0 Coad, 2005
Vimba vimba The major part of the spawning population consists of 13-19 cm males. In all studied year, mature males ranges from 13.1-16.6 [Age 3]; 15.6-18.6 [Age 4], 17.3-20.1 [Age 5] 16.0 Kuliev, 1988
Vimba vimba Males migrating are 24.8-28.0 cm long 26.4 Kesminas et al, 1999
Vimba vimba 845 spawners with the body length (logitudo corporis) ranging from 24.5 to 40.5 cm and the total length (longitudo totalis) range of 29.5-48.5 cm 39.0 Trzebiatowski and Narozanski, 1973
Gambusia affinis 1.3-2 [Male specified] 1.65 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Gambusia affinis 2.4 [Both sex] 2.4 Olden et al, 2006
Esox masquinongy 67 [Male] 67.0 Fishbase, 2006
Esox niger 38-46 [Sex not specified] 42.0 Coffie, 1998
Esox niger 37.2-42.3 [Both sex] 39.75 Anonymous, 2006
Esox lucius 20-30 25.0 Hovarth et al, 1992
Esox lucius 26.3-46 [Male] 36.15 Billard, 1996
Esox lucius 30-45 37.5 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Esox lucius 27.5-48.0 [Sex specified, rarely at 24.7] 37.75 Frost and Kipling, 1967
Esox lucius 44.0 [Both sex] 44.0 Olden et al, 2006
Esox lucius Length of 27 cm [Other studies both sex range from 30-119 cm] 74.5 Treasurer, 1990
Lota lota 32-34 [sex not specified] 33.0 Van Houdt, 2003
Lota lota 28.0-48.0 [For female but males usually mature at a smaller size] 38.0 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Lota lota 27-30 28.5 Fishbase, 2006
Lota lota 51 [Lowest size] 51.0 Vedeneev et al, 2003
Lota lota 28-48 [Sex not specified] 38.0 Anonymous, 2003
Lota lota 16.2 [Age 3], 19.3 [Age 4], 20.7 [Age 5] both sex in Winnipeg Beach 16.2 Hewson, 1955
Lota lota Mean 56.1, range 46.5-71 [Age 6+], mean 57.5, range 49.5-77 [Age 7+] 58.75 Kirillov, 1989
Lota lota The mean length of mature males and females was the same 49 ± 3 cm 49.0 Pulliainen and Korhonen, 1990
Lota lota Burbot mature at a length of 30 cm [Sex not specified] 30.0 Kujawa et al, 2002
Lota lota Burbot matured in Lake Cle Elum at 2-4 years (28-43 cm TL). In Palmer Lake, all mature males were six years or older and mature females seven years or older (54 and 64 cm TL, respectively). Most burbot matured at 3-4 years of age in three Wyoming lakes, and two years in Lake Winninpeg 35.5 Bonar et al, 2000
Gasterosteus aculeatus 4.5 [Male] 4.5 Fishbase, 2006
Gasterosteus aculeatus Nest-building males were 44.6 ± 3.32 mm, range 39-55 44.6 Barber et al, 2000
Gasterosteus aculeatus The breeding coloured male with a nest was 47 mm SL in the smallest body length 47.0 Mori and Magoshi, 1987
Pungitius pungitius 3.7 [Unsexed] 3.7 Fishbase, 2006
Pungitius pungitius Average of 4.97-5.02 4.99 Heins et al, 2003
Pungitius pungitius Mean or most common values and ranges in parenthses => 53.1 (39.9-71.8) Ls in Alaskan Lake; 38 (30-54) in Québec river, 47 (c. 35-54) in Québec Lake; (48-61) in Indiana Lake USA; (28-48) in English stream 55.85 Heins et al, 2003
Ambloplites rupestris 12.0 [Both sex] 12.0 Olden et al, 2006
Lepomis gibbosus Mean length at maturity was 6.11 SL [Both sex] 6.11 Copp et al, 2002
Lepomis gibbosus From 4.76 to 9.2 SL in Europe [Both sex] 4.76 Copp et al, 2002
Lepomis gibbosus 8.9 [Both sex] 8.9 Olden et al, 2006
Lepomis gibbosus Females 147.17 ± 2.1847 for Lower Berveley Lake and 117.28 ± 1.7686 for Upper Beverley lake 147.17 Deacon and Keast, 1987
Micropterus dolomieui 20 [Male] 20.0 Fishbase, 2006
Micropterus dolomieui 20-42 [Guarding males] 31.0 Iguchi et al, 2004
Micropterus dolomieui 20.5 [Both sex] 20.5 Olden et al, 2006
Micropterus salmoides 22 22.0 Heidinger, 1976
Micropterus salmoides 26 26.0 Newburg, 1975
Micropterus salmoides 22 22.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Micropterus salmoides 21.5 [Both sex] 21.5 Olden et al, 2006
Dicentrarchus labrax 19-35 27.0 Zohar et al, in Barnabé et Billard ed. L'aquaculture du Bar et des Sparidés, INRA Publ., Paris, 1984, 3-24
Dicentrarchus labrax 31-41 [Male] 36.0 Fishbase, 2006
Dicentrarchus labrax 33.7 [Great Brittany], 31.9-37.2 [Arcachon, France], 28-30 [Sète, France] and 23.1-25.5 [Tunisia] 34.55 Barnabé, 1980
Morone americana > 14 Fork length 14.0 Sheri and Power, 1968
Morone americana 7.2-8.0 [Length at first maturity] 7.6 Stanley and Danie, 1983
Morone americana 15.5-19.0 [Adult size, sex not specified] 17.25 Rue, 2001
Morone americana In general males mature earlier than females, beginning at 8 cm. The length at which 50 per cent of the males are sexually mature is 10.03 cm 8.0 Mansuetti, 1961
Morone chrysops 22 22.0 Internet, 2005
Morone chrysops 21 [Male] 21.0 Fishbase, 2006
Morone chrysops 27.5 [Both sex] 27.5 Olden et al, 2006
Morone chrysops Mean length of males selected for hatchery trials in 1994 were 278 mm TL (age 2) and 298 (age 3) 1994.0 Smith et al, 1996
Morone saxatilis About 50 or more 50.0 Rue, 2001
Morone saxatilis 45 [Both sex] 45.0 Olden et al, 2006
Morone saxatilis In 1976: male were mature at size 38.5 (48%), 43.9 (67%), 52.1 (87%), 56.5 (78%) and 64.0 (100%) 1976.0 McLaren et al, 1981
Gymnocephalus cernua 11-12 [Sex not specified] 11.5 Ogle, 1998
Gymnocephalus cernua 11-12 [Sex not specified] but sometimes 65-70 11.5 Craig, 2000
Gymnocephalus cernua 3.2-8 SL [All male exceeding 8 cm were mature] 5.6 Kovac, 1998
Perca flavescens 9.2-16.5, with a mean of 10.8 [sex specified] 12.85 Heidinger and Kayes, 1986
Perca flavescens 15.0 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Perca flavescens Size of male at age 2 range from 9.9 to 15.9 2.0 Brazo et al, 1975
Perca flavescens The smallest fish of the stunted males was 5.9 cm. The smallest mature male from the normal population measured 10.0 cm 5.9 Jansen ,1996
Perca fluviatilis 5-12 8.5 Thorpe, 1977
Perca fluviatilis About 7.7 7.7 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Perca fluviatilis 6 6.0 Treasurer, 1981
Perca fluviatilis 8 but FL 8.0 Fishbase, 2006
Perca fluviatilis For male, the size at maturity is 6.3 cm, or possibly smaller. Also reported the smallest maturing males to measure "about 55 mm" in the fall. 6.3 Jansen ,1996
Sander lucioperca 25-30 27.5 Horvath et al, 1992
Sander lucioperca Male reach maturity at about 30 cm [In other countries 35 cm] 30.0 Goubier, XXX
Sander lucioperca 35 35.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Sander lucioperca 28-39 33.5 Lappaleinen et al, 2003
Sander lucioperca 21.3-29.0 [Smallest size, sex specified] 25.15 Raikova-Petrova and Zivkov, 1998
Sander lucioperca 35 [Male] 35.0 Olivier and Schlumberger, 2001
Sander lucioperca 35 [Male] 35.0 Deeler and Willemsen, 1964
Sander lucioperca 50% of mature male at 24.6 and 100% at 30.0 50.0 Poulet, 2004
Sander lucioperca The smallest mature male are 21.3 21.3 Zivkov and Petrova, 1993
Sander lucioperca The smallest sizes of mature males in reservoir Batak Dam is 29 cm, and in Ovcharitsa cooling reservoir 21.3 29.0 Raikova-Petrova and Zivkov, 1998
Sander vitreus >28 [Sex specified] 28.0 Malison and Held, 1996a
Sander vitreus >27.9 [Sex specified] 27.9 Colby et al, 1979
Sander vitreus >27.9 [Sex specified] 27.9 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Sander vitreus 28, [Male] 28.0 Fishbase, 2006
Sander vitreus 32 [Both sex] 32.0 Olden et al, 2006
Sander vitreus 36.8 36.8 Goubier, XXX
Coregonus lavaretus About 24.0 24.0 Bagenal, 1970
Coregonus albula 14.5-17 15.75 Dlugosz and Worniallo, 1985
Coregonus albula Mean 24.3, range 14.5-23 18.75 Wilkonska et al, 1993
Coregonus clupeaformis 23-27 [Sex mixed] 25.0 Fishbase, 2006
Hucho hucho Mean of 83.2, range 58.3-109.0 [For male migrating] 83.65 Witkowski, 1988
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 44.5-54.9 mean fork length between 1971-1979 [n= 4500] 49.7 Golobanov, 1982
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 38.5-62.5 [mean range from 45-52] 50.5 Zolotukhin, 1993
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha 42.4 ± 3.8 42.4 Macquarrie et al, 1979
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Spawning runs in 1979 averaged 358 mm in fork length for both sexes, whereas from a pooled Lake Huron/Lake Michigan sample averaged 389 mm for both sexes 1979.0 Kwain, 1982
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Mean standard length: 50.37, range 41.6-57.5 49.55 Keenleyside and Dupuis, 1988
Oncorhynchus keta 69.6-73.2 [Both sex] 71.4 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Oncorhynchus keta 81 [Male] 81.0 Fishbase, 2006
Oncorhynchus keta In Central coast, for males, mean size of 49.2-56.7 [Age 3], 53.8-61.3 [Age 4] and 66.8 [Age 5] 52.95 Beacham and Murray, 1987
Oncorhynchus kisutch 45.7-61 53.35 Barton, 1996
Oncorhynchus kisutch 41-67 [average] 54.0 Groot, 1996
Oncorhynchus kisutch 38 ± 25 [n=13, artificial conditions] 38.0 MacQuarrie et al, 1978
Oncorhynchus kisutch Length reached by wild coho salmon at maturation ranges from 60 to 90 cm, and 66.0 cm cm for cultured females in this study 90.0 Estay et al, 1998
Oncorhynchus mykiss 15 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Oncorhynchus nerka 57.5-59.9 [Length of female at the beginning and at the end of the running migration] 58.7 Yegorova, 1978
Oncorhynchus nerka 18.0 [Both sex] 18.0 Olden et al, 2006
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha The postorbital-hypural length : 58.5-67.9 with n = 929 i.e. 90% of the sample [Complete mean range : 51.0 ± 1.2 (n=54), 85.2 +/ 2 (n=3)] 51.0 Beacham, 1989
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 58-70 [Age 1.2] and 73-89 [Age 1.3] 64.0 Groot, 1996
Salmo salar 50.8-61.0 [Not specified] 55.9 Kerr and Grant, 1999
Salmo trutta fario 12.5 [Male] 12.5 Fishbase, 2006
Salmo trutta fario Most at 17.7-20.2 18.95 Kerr and Grant, 1999
Salmo trutta fario 20.5 [Both sex] 20.5 Olden et al, 2006
Salmo trutta fario Nearly all males were mature when they have reached 253 mm 253.0 Taure, 1976
Salmo trutta fario Mean natural tip length at maturity increased from 318 mm for those spawing at the river mouth to 434 mm at 40 km inland 318.0 Jonsson and Jonsson, 2006
Salmo trutta fario The Lt of spawning males ranged from 184 to 815 mm. The distribution was multimodal for males (n=232) with most frequent length classes 300, 400 and 550 mm 184.0 Rubin et al, 2005
Salvelinus alpinus 20.7 20.7 Jamet, 1995
Salvelinus alpinus 23 23.0 Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
Salvelinus alpinus The most common modal size range for the char within the 2 rivers was 44 ± 3 cm fork length 44.0 Beddow et al, 1998
Salvelinus alpinus The length at maturity of the Syvia Grinnel char is about 45 cm 45.0 Grainger, 1953
Salvelinus alpinus The mean fork length of the 14 males spawned were 492. 7 ± 18.9 mm (range from 404 to 551 mm), much smaller than in wild conditions 720-774 mm 7.0 Papst and Hopky, 1984
Salvelinus fontinalis Mean 41, range 29.5-53.3 [Both sex] 41.4 Fraser, 1985
Salvelinus fontinalis 15.0 [Both sex] 15.0 Olden et al, 2006
Salvelinus fontinalis Spawning females were: in 1994, n=50, 33.4 ±7.7; in 1995, n=65, 33.7 ± 6.5 33.4 Blanchfield and Ridgway, 1997
Salvelinus fontinalis Means of male sizes involved in spawing range from 37.5 ±2.0 to 42.4 ± 1.2 37.5 Blanchfield and Ridgway, 1999
Salvelinus namaycush 38.0 [Both sex] 38.0 Olden et al, 2006
Stenodus leucichthys 65-70 67.5 Fishbase, 2006
Stenodus leucichthys Mass maturation for males at 65-70 [But could be as 54.0] 67.5 Chereshnev et al, 2000
Thymallus thymallus Most frequently size of female 25.5-35.5, full range of 23.0-42.3 cm 32.65 Witkowski and Kowalewski, 1988
Thymallus thymallus 28-35 [Sex not specified] 31.5 Persat, 2001
Thymallus thymallus On each spawning area, only one male (31 cm total length for the upstream site; 34 cm for the downstream site) was territorial for 2 days. Two other males (both about 30 cm total length) did not appear to defend territories. 31.0 Darchambeau and Poncin, 1997
Thymallus arcticus Mostly 40.6-50.8 45.7 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Thymallus arcticus 26.8 [Both sex] 26.8 Olden et al, 2006
Cottus gobio 4.6 4.6 Fishbase, 2006
Cottus gobio Most at 5-7 6.0 Marconato and Bisazza, 1988
Ameiurus nebulosus 19.3 [Both sex] 19.3 Olden et al, 2006
Ictalurus punctatus 36 [Unsexed] 36.0 Fishbase, 2006
Ictalurus punctatus 26.7-40.6 [Both sex] 33.65 Scott and Crossman, 1973
Ictalurus punctatus 27.5 [Both sex] 27.5 Olden et al, 2006
Silurus glanis Mass maturation occurs at 57-66 cm, however the maturation rate may be 50.7 [Sex not specified] 61.5 Orlova, 1987
Silurus glanis 70.5 70.5 Zholdasova and Guseva, 1987
Silurus glanis 50-70 60.0 Hovarth et al, 1992
Silurus glanis 50-60 [Sex not specified] 55.0 Schlumberger and Proteau, 2001
Silurus glanis Smallest males belonged to the 80-85 cm length class [the smallest male was 83.0 cm], also [58-60 both sex, other studies] 82.5 Alp et al, 2004
Osmerus eperlanus Average: 9-18, from 4.7-8.2, to 19.6-23.4 in g [Both sex] 13.5 Belyanina, 1969
Osmerus eperlanus 86-141 [Age 1], 139-192 [Age 2], 165-213 [Age 3], 187-245 [Age 4], 206-245 [Age 5], depending on authors for both sex 113.5 Buckley, 1989
Osmerus eperlanus Average fork length of the spawing smelt was 15.7 cm and ranged from 13.5 to 20 cm [Both sex] 15.7 Quigley et al, 2004