Trait completeness | 88% |
Total data | 247 |
References | 40 |
Author: Fabrice Téletchéa
License: All rights reserved
Trait id | Trait | Primary data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to gravel | Adhesive | Spillmann, 1961 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Development of the stickiness of the eggs | Adhesive | Heckeis, 1996 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to rocks | Adhesive | Billard, 1997 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Mann, 1996 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Kunz, 2004 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | The water was decanted and various media were applied to remove the adhesiveness of the eggs | Adhesive | Halacka and Lusk, 1995 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | The swelling up of the eggs is accompanied by their becoming very sticky | Adhesive | Penaz, 1974 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Keckeis, 2001 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Developing eggs sticking to stones | Adhesive | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
5 | Incubation time | 14 | 14.0 days | Spillmann, 1961 |
5 | Incubation time | 10-30 | 20.0 days | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
5 | Incubation time | 4.58-7.34 [19°C], 8.52-11.66 [16°C], 15.07-20.70 [13°C] and 28.83-39-47 [10°C] | 5.96 days | Kamler, 1998 |
5 | Incubation time | 5.8 [19°C], 10 [16°C], 17.7 [13°C], and 33.7 [10°C] | 5.8 days | Schiemer, 2003 |
5 | Incubation time | 8-12 | 10.0 days | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
5 | Incubation time | 33.7 days [At 10°C], 17.7 [At 13°C], 10.0 [At 16°C] and 5.8 days [At 19°C] | 33.7 days | Kamler, 1996 |
5 | Incubation time | 7 days and 16 hours | 7.0 days | Penaz, 1971 |
5 | Incubation time | At a mean temperature of 12°C, egg incubation lasted 11 days, and only 6 days at 14.7°C | 12.0 days | Halacka and Lusk, 1995 |
5 | Incubation time | The mean duration of incubation (50% embryos hatched), at the overall mean temperature of 11.12°C was 20 days and 23 hours | 50.0 days | Penaz, 1974 |
5 | Incubation time | Nase eggs hatched after 7 days at 17-18°C | 17.5 days | Prawochenski, 1964 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 100-250 | 175.0 °C * day | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 135-180 [8.6-11.3 days at 15.9] | 157.5 °C * day | Heckeis, 1996 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | About 130-160 at 11.6-15°C [From 99.3-231.3, for 10.0-17.28°C] | 145.0 °C * day | Penaz, 1974 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 280 [29 days at a mean of 9.2 in natural conditions] | 280.0 °C * day | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | About 160-230 between 13-16°C | 195.0 °C * day | Kamler, 1998 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | About 160-230 between 13-16°C | 195.0 °C * day | Schiemer, 2003 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 54-63 [Effective day-degrees] | 58.5 °C * day | Kamler, 2002 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | Mean of 125.5 | 125.5 °C * day | Penaz, 1971 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 135 DD [At 12°C] and 88 [At 14.7°C] | 135.0 °C * day | Halacka and Lusk, 1995 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 15.9 ± 0.4°C [13-16] | 15.9 °C | Heckeis, 1996 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 10-17.28°C, temperature tested | 13.64 °C | Penaz, 1974 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 7.2-16.4, mean of 9.2 [Natural conditions] | 11.8 °C | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 13-16 seem to be optimal for egg incubation [Survival was high between 10-19, but slightly depressed at 19°C] | 14.5 °C | Kamler, 1998 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Optimal temperature at 16 | 16.0 °C | Keckeis, 2000 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Low experimental variability occur between 10 and 19°C, below and above these values mortalities increase rapidly | 10.0 °C | Schiemer, 2003 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 13-16°C is the optimal temperature for the incubation of eggs | 14.5 °C | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | The eggs were incubated until hatching at four temperatures (mean ±SD): 10.07 ±0.28, 13.12 ± 0.3, 15.92 ± 0.58, and 19.26 ±0.51°C | 10.07 °C | Kamler, 1996 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Incubated at 12 and 14.7°C. Water temperature dropping below 8°C resulted in a marked increase in looses | 12.0 °C | Halacka and Lusk, 1995 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Viable range 8-20, threshold temperature at which ontogeny is theoretically arrested: 8.8 | 14.0 °C | Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | 2.2 [Seems to be fertilized eggs] | 2.2 mm | Bonislawska, 2001 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | 1.7-2.9 [Not specified] | 2.3 mm | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | The mean size of the fertilized eggs was 2.70-2.91 mm | 2.805 mm | Halacka and Lusk, 1995 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | The average size of eggs increased from original 1.76 mm to 2.50 mm, their diameter increasing 1.42 times. Under the conditions of the hatchery at Ochoz, at water temepratures of 6.5 to 6.6°C, this stage lasted condiderably longer, about 6 hours. After that time, the average size of eggs of the same materila attained 2.59 mm and increased still during subsequent days of incubation to 2.92 mm (1.66 times increase) | 1.76 mm | Penaz, 1974 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | 2.8 [Not specified] | 2.8 mm | Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | Eggs after swelling are 2.2. mm | 2.2 mm | Prawochenski, 1964 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal [Sink to the bottom] | Ambiguous | Spillmann, 1961 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal | Heckeis, 1996 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Eggs among stones and gravel where their development occurs | Demersal | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal | Kunz, 2004 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm | Spillmann, 1961 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | The average size of eggs increased from original 1.76 mm | 1.76 mm | Penaz, 1974 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | Diameter of freshly laid eggs was 1.6 mm | 1.6 mm | Prawochenski, 1964 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Temperature during larval development | 15-18 [Optimum for Yolk feeding larvae] and 19-22 [For early externally feeding larvae], and 22 [For late larvae and juveniles] | 16.5 °C | Heckeis, 1996 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | 9.0-22.7 [In natural conditions] | 15.85 °C | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | 15-18, optimal for rearing of hatched, yolk-feeding larvae | 16.5 °C | Kamler, 1998 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Optimal temperature at 16°C | 16.0 °C | Keckeis, 2000 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | 15-18 optimum for yolk feeding larvae and 19-25°C for exogeneous feeding larvae | 16.5 °C | Schiemer, 2003 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Optimum temperature: 15-18°C for yolk-sac larvae prior to external deefind, 19°C for early steps, and 22°C for late largae | 16.5 °C | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Increase from 19.1 to 26°C [rearing conditions] | 19.1 °C | Spurny, 2004 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Reared at temperature between 15-18, close to natural conditions | 16.5 °C | Penaz, 1971 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Between 12.4 to 15.4°C | 12.4 °C | Penaz, 1974 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Reared at 19-25 | 22.0 °C | Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Optimum temperatures for larval growth (expressed as Relative growth rate: RGR, %d): 16-28°C | 22.0 °C | Wolnicki, 2005 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Larvae were reared at 18-20°C, until 21 days posthhatching | 19.0 °C | Sysa, 2006 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Reared at 25 and 28 (range ± 0.5°C) | 25.0 °C | Wolnicki and Myszkowski, 1998 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | The fish were placed in 20-L recirculation tanks at 20°C | 20.0 °C | Ostaszewka, 2005 |
10 | Reaction to light | Newly hatched larvae are strongly photophobic | Photophobic | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
10 | Reaction to light | Early photophobia | Photopositive | Gozlan, 1999 |
10 | Reaction to light | Initially the larvae are photophobic | Photophobic | Mann, 1996 |
10 | Reaction to light | Their photophobia and thigmoplilia are most marked during this stage. The embryos tend to congregate under scarcity of shelters | Photopositive | Penaz, 1974 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | 150-180 [About 11 at 13 or 16°C] | 165.0 °C * day | Kamler, 1998 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | 320 [20.8 at 16°C] for 50% yolk resoprtion] | 320.0 °C * day | Keckeis, 2000 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | 140-160 [Full yolk resorption: 7.5 (19°C), 10.8 (16°C), 10.7 (13°C), 12.4 (10°C)] | 150.0 °C * day | Schiemer, 2003 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | Termination of the yolk sac resorption: 196 DD, or 13 days after hatching | 196.0 °C * day | Penaz, 1971 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | The yolk sac is present in form of a small remainder which disappears by the end of the stage, i.e. 31 days after insemination or 11-12 days at 14-15°C | 11.5 °C * day | Penaz, 1974 |
13 | Full yolk-sac resorption | Endogenous feeding of the nase larvae lasted from hatching until 4 dph, mixed feeding from 4 to 9 dph, and beginning from 9 dph the fish fed exogenously (at 18-20°C) | 19.0 °C * day | Sysa, 2006 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | About 80-90 [5-6 days at 16°C] | 85.0 °C * day | Kamler, 1998 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | About 70-80 [3.9 (At 19°C), 5.2 (16°C), 5.3 (13°C), 7.1 (10)] | 75.0 °C * day | Schiemer, 2003 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | About 130, or 10 days after hatching | 130.0 °C * day | Penaz, 1971 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | Starts to ingest food actively at a age of 27 days after insemination (i.e. 7-8 days after hatching at 12.4-14.5°C), having attained a total length of about 12 . The duration is rather short, being about 4 days at water temperature of 14.1-15.4°C | 7.5 °C * day | Penaz, 1974 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | From the very onset of external feeding (day 6 post-hatch) for 20 days, at 25-28°C | 26.5 °C * day | Wolnicki and Myszkowski, 1998 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | The fish were fed beginning 4 days post-hatch (at 20°C) | 4.0 °C * day | Ostaszewka, 2005 |
8 | Initial larval size | 7.09-9.81 [Depending on temperature] | 8.45 mm | Penaz, 1974 |
8 | Initial larval size | 10.0 [Natural conditions] | 10.0 mm | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
8 | Initial larval size | The average body length of newly hatched larvae was 8.22 ± 0.7 mm (TL) | 8.22 mm | Sysa, 2006 |
8 | Initial larval size | Newly hatched larvae are 7.0-9.5 mm in length | 8.25 mm | Prawochenski, 1964 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | Benthic, remains in the grounds | Demersal | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | The starvating larvae show limited mobility already during the terminal phase of resorption of their yolk sac and mostly keep at the bottom of the aquarium, whereras the feeding larvae move throughout the water column and near water surface. During the last two or three days of their life, the fishes were in agony, showing but quite feeble signs of life. | Demersal | Penaz, 1971 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | Although the hatched embryos still spend most of their times lying passively on one side of the bottom of the through, they sometimes rise to the surface and then sink pasively to the bottom again | Demersal | Penaz, 1974 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | Benthic larvae | Demersal | Keckeis, 2001 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
18 | Female sexual dimorphism | Pigmentation is more pronounced | Present | Spillmann, 1961 |
18 | Female sexual dimorphism | Breeding tubercles on head | Present | Witkowski and Rogowska, 1991 |
18 | Female sexual dimorphism | Females in Fischa River. In smaller females (348 mm SL), the tubercles on the head run forward in a single row from about the dorsal margin of the anterior part of the operculum above the eye to the nasal opening. Larger specimens (370-409 mm SL) have larger breeding tubercles which additionally occur on the dorsal part of the operculum and on the dorsal part of the head. Females in Danube. Females exceeding 396 mm SL may also bear a few tubercles on the snout | Present | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | 20.15 ± 3.12 [In April] | 20.15 percent | Lefler, 2006 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | GSI = 20.63% in April 11 (n = 12) | 20.63 percent | Lefler, 2008 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 12 000 eggs obtained for one female of 1.44 kg | 12.0 thousand eggs/kg | Kamler, 1998 |
19 | Relative fecundity | Realtive fecundity vary from 30 000 eggs/kg for female Age 4, 35057 for female age 5, 33136 for females age 6, 43534 for females age 7, 46080 for females age 10, 36920 for females age 12 | 30.0 thousand eggs/kg | Prawochenski, 1964 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-6 | 4.5 years | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 4-7 [Sex not specified] | 5.5 years | Nelva, 2001 |
26 | Resting period | Following early spring spawning oocytes in the stage of primary growth are in majority in the ovary. Mitotically dividing oogonia, non-ovulated oocytes and eggs that were not released during spawning are also present in the ovaries. The latter two groups of cells undergo the process of resorption. Continuous atresia is also in process in the ovary that affects primarily the least developed functioning oocytes during the post-spawning period, i.e., those in the stage of primary growth. In all probability their number will further decrease immediatly after the spawning season | No data | Lefler, 2008 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Sexual maturation starts in Autumn and ends in March | ['March'] | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Data collected in the orfe and nase show that the transition of oocytes in the stage of primary growth into the stage of cortical alveoli takes place in July-August and vitellogenesis already starts in August-September. Thus the formation of cortical alveoli is intensive in the second half of summer and is terminated at the end of October. Vitellogenesis starts at the end of summer and lasts until the beginning of spawning season | ['October', 'August', 'July', 'September'] | Lefler, 2008 |
23 | Intensifying oogenesis activity | Sexual maturation starts in Autumn and ends in March | ['March'] | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
23 | Intensifying oogenesis activity | 9.43 ± 1.65 [In October] to 20.15 ± 3.12 [In April] | ['April', 'October'] | Lefler, 2006 |
21 | Oocyte development | Group-synchronous | Group-synchronous | Rinchard, 1996 |
21 | Oocyte development | Synchronous | Synchronous | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 50-100 | 75.0 thousand eggs | Spillmann, 1961 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 50-100 | 75.0 thousand eggs | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 10-40 | 25.0 thousand eggs | Nelva, 2001 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 12 obtained for one female | 12.0 thousand eggs | Kamler, 1998 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | Absolute fecundity vary from 10800 eggs/kg for female Age 4, 16215 for female age 5, 18076 for females age 6, 28297 for females age 7, 41472 for females age 10, 36920 for females age 12 | 10800.0 thousand eggs | Prawochenski, 1964 |
17 | Weight at sexual maturity | A ripe female 1.44 kg was caught | 1.44 kg | Kamler, 1996 |
17 | Weight at sexual maturity | Females in spawinng conditons caught on the spawning ground have a mean weight of 1257 g, range of 785-1857 g | 1321.0 kg | Keckeis, 2000 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | A ripe female 41 cm standard length was caught | 41.0 cm | Kamler, 1996 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | One ripe female 48.0 cm total length | 48.0 cm | Keckeis, 1996 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | A ripe female, 10 years of age, 41 cm standard length | 10.0 cm | Kamler, 1998 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Length frequency distribution of the nase population in the River Fischa, Austria, during the period 1992-1997, range mostly from 40 to 48 cm for females. The size of first spawners is 35 cm for females | 1994.5 cm | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | 6 females sampled 348-406 SL in April in River Fischa. 6 females sampled 275-409 mm SL in April in River Danube | 377.0 cm | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 4-7 | 5.5 year | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 4-7 [Sex not specified] | 5.5 year | Nelva, 2001 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | Females in spawning conditons caught on the spanwing ground have a mean age of 9.3, range of 6-12 | 9.0 year | Keckeis, 2000 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | Nase mature at third year of life. Their first spawning is at that age | No data | Prawochenski, 1964 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercles, the first ray of pectorals becomes thicker, pigmentation is more pronounced | Present | Spillmann, 1961 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Breeding tubercules on head, entire body and fins | Absent | Witkowski and Rogowska, 1991 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Tubercles occur on the head, nearly the entire body, and on all fins. In males exceeding 350 mm SL, even the anterior side of the snout is covered | Absent | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | During spawning migrations and during spawning itself nase males have breeding tubercles on gill covers, scales and fins, especially on pectoral fins | Absent | Prawochenski, 1964 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | Length frequency distribution of the nase population in the River Fischa, Austria, during the period 1992-1997, range mostly from 40 to 48 cm for males. The size of first spawners is 30 cm for males | 44.0 cm | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | 6 Males sampled 289-397 SL in April in River Fischa. 8 males sampled 312-380 mm SL in April in River Danube | 343.0 cm | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
47 | Mating system | Spawning occurs synchronously in large shoals | No category | Heckeis, 1996 |
47 | Mating system | In nature, multiple males spawn with a single female | No category | Kamler, 1998 |
47 | Mating system | The spawning act, in which several males usually are involved, lasts only few seconds | No category | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
47 | Mating system | The spawning act, in which several males are involved, lasts only a few seconds. After releasing the eggs, the females swim a short distance upstream, then drift back with the current to their former position. This procedure is apparently repeated several times until all eggs are shed. | No category | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
50 | Parental care | No | No category | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
50 | Parental care | Non guarders | No care | Mann, 1996 |
50 | Parental care | After the release of eggs, the females swim a short distance upstreamand then drift passively back to their former position | No category | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
50 | Parental care | Non-guarding | No care | Keckeis, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils | Spillmann, 1961 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophil : stones and gravels of 10 cm of diameter | Lithophils | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophilic spawner, the spawning areas being characterized by coarse substratum | Lithophils | Keckeis, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils | Billard, 1997 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Gravels and pebbles | Lithophils | Nelva, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophilous | Lithophils | Penaz, 1974 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Over rocky-gravel substrata | Lithophils | Kamler, 1998 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Rock and gravel | Lithophils | Gozlan, 1999 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Stones and gravel: 1-10 cm | Lithophils | Mann, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Coarse gravel substrates | Lithophils | Schiemer, 2003 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Among stones and gravel: mean of 32.5 mm | Lithophils | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophils | Lithophils | Balon, 1975 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophilous rheophilic | Lithophils | Kamler, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophilous fishes | Lithophils | Penaz, 1973 |
44 | Spawning substrate | High proportion of gravel and pebbles | Lithophils | Keckeis, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophil | Lithophils | Cattanéo, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Over gravel | Lithophils | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lay their eggs on pebble or sandy bottoms (lithophilic species) | Ambiguous | Sysa, 2006 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Lithophilous rheophilic cyprinid | Lithophils | Wolnicki and Myszkowski, 1998 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Stones or gravel exposed to water current | Ambiguous | Prawochenski, 1964 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | No | No category | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | No, deposits its eggs on the substratum surface | No category | Heckeis, 1996 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | No, open water/susbtratum egg scatterers | Open water/substratum scatter | Fishbase, 2006 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | No, scatter their eggs over susbtrate | Susbtrate chooser | Kamler, 1998 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawners | Open water/substratum scatter | Mann, 1996 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Spawns by scattering eggs: the eggs are release into the water column | No category | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawner | Open water/substratum scatter | Balon, 1975 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawner | Open water/substratum scatter | Kamler, 1996 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Deposit its eggs on the substratum surface | No category | Keckeis, 1996 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawner | Open water/substratum scatter | Keckeis, 2001 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Above 11 | 11.0 °C | Spillmann, 1961 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-9 up to 11 | 8.5 °C | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-12 | 10.0 °C | Heckeis, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-11 | 9.5 °C | Nelva, 2001 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 7.9-8.7 | 8.3 °C | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-12 | 10.0 °C | Kamler, 1998 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-16 | 12.0 °C | Mann, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 2-12 | 7.0 °C | Schiemer, 2003 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Mean of 9.5 | 9.5 °C | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-12 | 10.0 °C | Kamler, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | The spawning temperature (7-years of observation) was 9.0 ± 1.7°C | 9.0 °C | Keckeis, 2001 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-12 | 10.0 °C | Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006 |
41 | Spawning temperature | When water reach 8-12°C | 10.0 °C | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 6-8 [In Moselle, France], 8 [Dunajec], 12 [Vistula], 15 [Vistula], according to various authors | 7.0 °C | Prawochenski, 1964 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Potential spawning time was designated as the time period where the temperature reached 8°C and do not exceed 12°C | 8.0 °C | Winkler, 1997 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Seems to be short : 3-4 days | 3.5 weeks | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
40 | Spawning period duration | 3 weeks | 3.0 weeks | Nelva, 2001 |
40 | Spawning period duration | From 2-3 days to 3 weeks [Spawn once on 16-17 April in one locality and twice, on 15-16 April and 2-3 May] | 2.5 weeks | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
40 | Spawning period duration | About 3-4 weeks: Spawning lasts 2-3 days and several spawning acts may occur within one year [During the spanwing season, sholas of males appear at the spawing area often weeks before the females] | 3.5 weeks | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
40 | Spawning period duration | 4-5 | 4.5 weeks | Terver, 1984 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Either 2-3 days [In two rivers this species reproduced repeatedly on two other occassion 10/12 May and on 26/28 May] | 2.5 weeks | Zbinden and Maier, 1996 |
42 | Spawning water type | Grounds with current : 1m/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
42 | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water | Spillmann, 1961 |
42 | Spawning water type | Riffles with high current velocities [high water current ranging from 70 to 120 cm/s] | Flowing or turbulent water | Heckeis, 1996 |
42 | Spawning water type | Water with strong current | Flowing or turbulent water | Nelva, 2001 |
42 | Spawning water type | Fairly strong current | Flowing or turbulent water | Gozlan, 1999 |
42 | Spawning water type | Current velocity: 70-90 cm/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Mann, 1996 |
42 | Spawning water type | Large rivers or tributaries, high current velocities (1-2 m/s) | Flowing or turbulent water | Schiemer, 2003 |
42 | Spawning water type | Current velocity: mean of 0.9 cm/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
42 | Spawning water type | Water velocities of 0.7-1.1 m/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Zbinden and Maier, 1996 |
42 | Spawning water type | Average current velocities between 0.4 and 0.6 m/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Keckeis, 2001 |
42 | Spawning water type | Sites with swift current | Flowing or turbulent water | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
42 | Spawning water type | Nase spawn in numerous sectionsof the main channel of the Austrian Danube. […] This finding is in contrast with assumption that reproduction takes place only in shallow water tributaries | No category | Winkler, 1997 |
43 | Spawning depth | Shallow: about 0.20-0.50 m | 0.35 m | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
43 | Spawning depth | Near the shore | No data | Heckeis, 1996 |
43 | Spawning depth | Shallow | No data | Billard, 1997 |
43 | Spawning depth | Shallow | No data | Nelva, 2001 |
43 | Spawning depth | Shallow areas: 20-30 cm | 25.0 m | Gozlan, 1999 |
43 | Spawning depth | Mean of 39.9 cm | 39.9 m | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
43 | Spawning depth | 10 to 30 cm | 10.0 m | Zbinden and Maier, 1996 |
43 | Spawning depth | Siginificant selection for depths in range of 0.2-0.3 m (nearly 60% of all measurements) | 0.25 m | Keckeis, 2001 |
43 | Spawning depth | Spawn in shallow water (20-50 cm) | 35.0 m | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
43 | Spawning depth | Eggs are deposited on shallow depth (< 1m) | 1.0 m | Prawochenski, 1964 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Small distances from the main river to tributaries | No data | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Migrate to spawing grounds | No data | Nelva, 2001 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Migrates upstream and enters small tributaries | No data | Fishbase, 2006 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Huge spawning shoals migrate from the main stream into tributaries to their spawning sites | No data | Keckeis, 2001 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Migrate 4 km upstream to the spawning ground | 4.0 km | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Holobiotique migration, small distances from the main stream to small tributaries | No data | Agence de l'eau, |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Spawning migrations are of short distance. Recaptured four tagged nase spawners. Two of them did not migrate at all, one migrated 8 km (it covered 2 km/day on average), the fourth spawned 14 km (0.7 km/day) | 8.0 km | Prawochenski, 1964 |
37 | Spawning migration period | In spring, huge shoals migrate to their spawning areas | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
37 | Spawning migration period | In spring | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Keckeis, 2001 |
37 | Spawning migration period | Each year the specimens enter the river from the Danube in the mid-to late March. The spawning migration of the males starts two to three weeks earlier than the males | ['March'] | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
39 | Spawning season | February-April | ['February', 'April', 'March'] | Billard, 1997 |
39 | Spawning season | End of February to April | ['February', 'April'] | Spillmann, 1961 |
39 | Spawning season | March-May but even in February [Southern region] | ['February', 'March', 'May'] | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | April | ['April'] | Prokes and Penaz, 1978 |
39 | Spawning season | April [Also in Ferbruary and March] | ['April', 'March'] | Fishbase, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | Late March/April | ['April', 'March'] | Kamler, 1998 |
39 | Spawning season | April | ['April'] | Mann, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | March-April | ['April', 'March'] | Schiemer, 2003 |
39 | Spawning season | April | ['April'] | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
39 | Spawning season | April | ['April'] | Terver, 1984 |
39 | Spawning season | 21 st/22 nd April, in two rivers this species reproduced repeatedly on two other occassion 10/12 May and on 26/28 May | ['April', 'May'] | Zbinden and Maier, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | April in Czech Republic | ['April'] | Penaz, 1974 |
39 | Spawning season | Occurs mainly in April | ['April'] | Keckeis, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | March-April | ['April', 'March'] | Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | Potential spawning time in March-April and May | ['April', 'March', 'May'] | Winkler, 1997 |
39 | Spawning season | March-April | ['April', 'March'] | Cattanéo, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | March-April | ['April', 'March'] | Ahnelt and Keckeis, 1994 |
39 | Spawning season | The fish spawn in spring (April, May) | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Sysa, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | 12-27 April [Moselle, France], 15 April-5 May [Kuban], 22 April [Don], 10-20 April [Moskva], 10-20 April [Vistula], April [Dunajec], 16 April [Vistula], 19 April [Vistula], 20 April [Vistula], according to various authors | ['April', 'May'] | Prawochenski, 1964 |
38 | Homing | It was used by the same individuals repeatedly from year to year | Absent | Keckeis, 2001 |
48 | Spawning release | Eggs are released in small quantities | No category | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
48 | Spawning release | The spawning act is repeated several times until all eggs are released | Mutliple | Kamler and Keckeis, 2000 |
48 | Spawning release | One batch | Mutliple | Cattanéo, 2001 |
48 | Spawning release | Single spawner | Total | Lefler, 2006 |
48 | Spawning release | Spawning act is short. Repeated spawnings on the spawning ground were not observed | No category | Prawochenski, 1964 |
48 | Spawning release | Single spawner | Total | Lefler, 2008 |
49 | Parity | Iteroparous | Iteroparous | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
49 | Parity | It was used by the same individuals repeatedly from year to year | No category | Keckeis, 2001 |