Billard, R. and Linhart, O. and Fierville, F. and Cosson, J. (1997) Motility of European catfish Silurus glanis spermatozoa in testes and in milt. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii/Polish Archives of Hydrobiology [Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol./Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol.], pp. 115-122
Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.6 | 1.6 mm |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Incubation time | 7 | 7.0 days |
Alosa alosa | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 3-6 | 4.5 year |
Alosa alosa | Female | Weight at sexual maturity | 1.3-3.5 | 2.4 kg |
Alosa alosa | Female | Relative fecundity | 125 | 125.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Alosa alosa | Male | Age at sexual maturity | 4-7 | 5.5 years |
Alosa alosa | Male | Weight at sexual maturity | 1.2-2.5 | 1.85 kg |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration period | Spring | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | June-July | ['June', 'July'] |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Rapid current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night | Night |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Monogamy : by pairs | Monogamy |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Parity | Part of spawners die after the spawning season and survivors get back to sea immediatly | Semelparous |
Alosa fallax | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Alosa fallax | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 4-7 | 5.5 year |
Alosa fallax | Female | Relative fecundity | 100 | 100.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Alosa fallax | Male | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 | 3.5 years |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 15-20 | 17.5 °C |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Over grounds of sand or pebbles | Lithophils |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night | Night |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Schools | No category |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Parity | Spawners get back to sea immediatly after the spawning season | No category |
Aphanius iberus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | Big eggs | No data |
Aphanius iberus | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal [Eggs are deposited on plants located on the ground] | Demersal |
Aphanius iberus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Summer | ['July', 'August', 'September'] |
Aphanius iberus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 25 | 25.0 °C |
Aphanius iberus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited on plants located on the ground | Susbtrate chooser |
Valencia hispanica | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 20-25 | 22.5 °C |
Valencia hispanica | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Submerged plants | Phytophils |
Valencia hispanica | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Eggs are deposited solely | No category |
Barbatula barbatula | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Barbatula barbatula | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels and plants | Lithophils |
Cobitis taenia | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | The second ray of pectoral fin is sticker and nuptial tubercles apperas on pelvic fins during breeding season | Present |
Cobitis taenia | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Cobitis taenia | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Well-oxygenated | Flowing or turbulent water |
Cobitis taenia | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow | No data |
Cobitis taenia | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants and stones | Phytophils |
Blicca bjoerkna | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-July | ['May', 'July'] |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-July | ['May', 'July'] |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | Above 12°C | 12.0 °C |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants | Phytophils |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Deep water | No data |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravel | Lithophils |
Alburnus alburnus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | During reproduction, males bears nuptial tubercules on back and sides. Besides, during that period inferior fins are orange at their bases | Present |
Alburnus alburnus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Alburnus alburnus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Submerged plants and gravels | Lithophils |
Aspius aspius | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Male bears nuptial tubercles over the body, particulalry the head during the breeding season | Present |
Aspius aspius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Aspius aspius | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Aspius aspius | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Over grounds with stones, gravels and coarse sand | Lithophils |
Barbus barbus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Barbus barbus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Barbus barbus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Pebbles and gravels | Lithophils |
Carassius auratus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Male bears nuptial tubercles on head, opercules, and first rays of pectoral fins | Present |
Carassius auratus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March until June | ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June'] |
Carassius auratus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | June-July | ['June', 'July'] |
Carassius auratus | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | In rearing conditions, up to 3-4 spawnings per season | No category |
Carassius carassius | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Male bears nuptial tubercules over the head, opercules, and first rays of pectoral fins | Present |
Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-June | ['March', 'June'] |
Chondrostoma nasus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to rocks | Adhesive |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | February-April | ['February', 'April'] |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow | No data |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April | ['April'] |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Very shallow waters | No data |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Ctenopharyngodon idella | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Cyprinus carpio | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Gobio gobio | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Gobio gobio | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Male bears nuptial tubercles on head | Present |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels and plants | Lithophils |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Released by small batches | Multiple |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Semi-pelagic [Needs a river must be longer than 200 km] | Pelagic |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Egg | Incubation time | 29-36 hour at 20°C | 32.5 days |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 24-30 | 27.0 °C * day |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 17-25 | 21.0 °C |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with strong current: 0.7-1.4 m/s | Flowing or turbulent water |
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Deep water | No data |
Leucaspius delineatus | Egg | Incubation time | 10 | 10.0 days |
Leucaspius delineatus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercles on male at maturity | Present |
Leucaspius delineatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-May | ['April', 'May'] |
Leucaspius delineatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Phytophil: in plants | Phytophils |
Leucaspius delineatus | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Eggs are guarded by the male during the time of incubation (about 10 days) | Male parental care |
Leuciscus cephalus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive, stick to plants and gravels | Adhesive |
Leuciscus cephalus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Leuciscus cephalus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | Above 15°C | 15.0 °C |
Leuciscus cephalus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants and gravels | Lithophils |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Spring | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | Several days [Male arrives first on spawning grounds] | No data |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow waters | No data |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants or gravels | Lithophils |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-April | ['March', 'April'] |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive, stick to the pebbles | Adhesive |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow waters | No data |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Stones and gravels | Lithophils |
Pseudorasbora parva | Female | Maximum GSI value | Up to 27% | 27.0 percent |
Pseudorasbora parva | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants | Phytophils |
Pseudorasbora parva | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Under optimal temperature, female spawns each 5 days | No category |
Pseudorasbora parva | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards eggs | Male parental care |
Rhodeus sericeus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Rhodeus sericeus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Mussels | Ostracophils |
Rhodeus sericeus | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards the eggs and larvae until they quit the mussel | Male parental care |
Rutilus rutilus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Rutilus rutilus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April to June | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Rutilus rutilus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants, roots, stones | Phytophils |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Submerged plants | Phytophils |
Tinca tinca | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-August | ['May', 'August'] |
Tinca tinca | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Aquatic plants | Phytophils |
Tinca tinca | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | 3 if temperature is low and up to 9 during warm summer | No category |
Vimba vimba | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Brighter colors of males, brown sides and red belly | Present |
Vimba vimba | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Spring | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Vimba vimba | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Gambusia affinis | Female | Oocyte development | Viviparous | No category |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | February-April | ['February', 'April'] |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow waters | No data |
Lota lota | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Free on the ground | Non-Adhesive |
Lota lota | Female | Absolute fecundity | 300-400 | 350.0 thousand eggs |
Lota lota | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | December-January | ['January', 'December'] |
Lota lota | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 1.0 | 1.0 °C |
Gasterosteus aculeatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Gasterosteus aculeatus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Male builts a nest with rests of plants (Arianophile) | No category |
Gasterosteus aculeatus | Spawning conditions | Parity | Can reproduce twice in a year | No category |
Gasterosteus aculeatus | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards eggs and juveniles | Male parental care |
Pungitius pungitius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Pungitius pungitius | Spawning conditions | Parity | Several spawns per year | Iteroparous |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels or plants | Lithophils |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Excavations buried on the ground | No category |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Parental care | The spawning is guarded by male | Male parental care |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Sand | Psammophils |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Excavation constructs by both parents | Nest built by both parents |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Deposited in clusters | Fractional |
Micropterus dolomieui | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Micropterus dolomieui | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Micropterus dolomieui | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Micropterus dolomieui | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Male builts a nest | No category |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March to July | ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July'] |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards the eggs and alevins; during that period he is very agrressive and eat few | Male parental care |
Dicentrarchus labrax | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | December-April | ['April', 'December'] |
Dicentrarchus labrax | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Coastal zones, at sea | No category |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March to May | ['March', 'April', 'May'] |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited on plants or rocks | Susbtrate chooser |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Eggs are extruted in long adhesive and 'accordion folded' strands | No category |
Perca fluviatilis | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-June | ['March', 'June'] |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | April-June | ['April', 'June'] |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | About 11°C | 11.0 °C |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current: 1.40-1.50 m/s | Flowing or turbulent water |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Quite deep water | No data |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravel and sand | Lithophils |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Males guards the eggs | Male parental care |
Coregonus lavaretus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | October-December | ['October', 'December'] |
Coregonus lavaretus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Shore of lakes | Stagnant water |
Coregonus lavaretus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Hucho hucho | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-April | ['March', 'April'] |
Hucho hucho | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Oncorhynchus mykiss | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | October to May | ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'October', 'November'] |
Salmo salar | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration distance | Long migrations | No data |
Salmo salar | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Fall | ['October', 'November', 'December'] |
Salmo trutta fario | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | October-January | ['January', 'October'] |
Salmo trutta fario | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels [Big pebbles >60 mm and sand <4 mm led to less survival] | Lithophils |
Salmo trutta fario | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are buried in substrates | Susbtrate chooser |
Salvelinus alpinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | November to January | ['January', 'November'] |
Salvelinus alpinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Bottom of lakes with constant and strong current, sometimes in plein water | Stagnant water |
Salvelinus fontinalis | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | October-November | ['October', 'November'] |
Salvelinus fontinalis | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Salvelinus fontinalis | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Lay eggs in nests and recovered by gravels | No category |
Salvelinus namaycush | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 6-7 [Sex not specified] | 6.5 year |
Salvelinus namaycush | Male | Age at sexual maturity | 6-7 [Sex not specified] | 6.5 years |
Salvelinus namaycush | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | October-November | ['October', 'November'] |
Thymallus thymallus | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Eggs are deposited | Demersal |
Thymallus thymallus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-April | ['March', 'April'] |
Thymallus thymallus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravel or sand | Lithophils |
Thymallus thymallus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited | Susbtrate chooser |
Cottus gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-April | ['March', 'April'] |
Cottus gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited under stones | Susbtrate chooser |
Cottus gobio | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards eggs | Male parental care |
Silurus glanis | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] |
Silurus glanis | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited in a hole within the ground | Susbtrate chooser |
Silurus glanis | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards eggs | Male parental care |
Osmerus eperlanus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive [Stick to gravels during beginning of embryogenesis then derive] | Adhesive |
Osmerus eperlanus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March-April | ['March', 'April'] |
Osmerus eperlanus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | In freswater, near the tidal zone | No category |
Osmerus eperlanus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Sand or gravel | Lithophils |
Osmerus eperlanus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Eggs are deposited | Susbtrate chooser |