Aspius aspius

  • Scientific name

    • Aspius aspius (Linnaeus, 1758)

  • Common name

    • Asp

  • Family

    • Cyprinidae

  • External links

    • Fishbase
Trait completeness 86%
Total data123
References21
Image of Aspius aspius

Author: Fabrice Téletchéa
License: All rights reserved

Traits detail

Egg (100.0%)

Trait id Trait Primary data Secondary Data References
1 Oocyte diameter 1.7 1.7 mm Coad, 2005
2 Egg size after water-hardening 2.0-2.2 [Up to 2.4] 2.1 mm Coad, 2005
2 Egg size after water-hardening 1.9-2.1 [Seems to be fertilized eggs] 2.0 mm Bonislawska et al, 2001
2 Egg size after water-hardening 2.0 [Not specified] 2.0 mm Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006
3 Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
4 Egg adhesiveness Adhering to stone Adhesive Coad, 2005
4 Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
4 Egg adhesiveness Adhesive [Stick to gravels or immerged plants] Adhesive Keith and Allardi, 2001
4 Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive Mann, 1996
4 Egg adhesiveness Stick to stones or plants Adhesive Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
5 Incubation time 9-10 9.5 days Coad, 2005
5 Incubation time 10-15 at 12-16°C 12.5 days Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
5 Incubation time 10-17 13.5 days Keith and Allardi, 2001
5 Incubation time 10-17 13.5 days Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
6 Temperature for incubation 12-16 14.0 °C Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
6 Temperature for incubation In experimental conditions, best results were obtained between 7-17.2°C, and the best at 12.8°C 12.1 °C Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
6 Temperature for incubation Viable range 7-17, threshold temperature at which ontogeny is theoretically arrested: 6.8 12.0 °C Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006
6 Temperature for incubation Fertilized eggs were incubated at constant temperature of 14°C 14.0 °C Kujawa et al, 2007
7 Degree-days for incubation 160-180 [10-15 at 12-16°C] 170.0 °C * day Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
7 Degree-days for incubation 74 [Effective day-degrees] 74.0 °C * day Kamler, 2002

Larvae (71.0%)

Trait id Trait Primary Data Secondary Data References
8 Initial larval size 4-6 5.0 mm Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
8 Initial larval size On the first day post-hatch, the asp larvae measured 6.2 in mean total length 6.2 mm Ostaszewska, 2002
8 Initial larval size Length range mean 8.9 (range 7.9-9.3 mm), at day 1 8.6 mm Kujawa et al, 2007
10 Reaction to light Initially the larvae are photophobic Photophobic Mann, 1996
10 Reaction to light The photoperiod was 18 h light and 6 h dark Photopositive Kujawa et al, 2007
11 Temperature during larval development Reared at 25-26°C 25.5 °C Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006
11 Temperature during larval development Optimum temperatures for larval growth (expressed as Relative growth rate: RGR, %d): 22-28°C 25.0 °C Wolnicki, 2005
11 Temperature during larval development The larvae were allowed to develop at 18-20°C 19.0 °C Ostaszewska, 2002
11 Temperature during larval development Rearing temperature ranged from 14 and 18.7°C (mean 17.2°C) 14.0 °C Kujawa et al, 2007
13 Full yolk-sac resorption On day 11, when the larvae averaged 10.17 mm, the yolk sac was completely resorbed and the period of exogenous feeding begin (at 18-20°C) 19.0 °C * day Ostaszewska, 2002
13 Full yolk-sac resorption The yolk sac was completely absorbed on day 11 post hatch 11.0 °C * day Ostaszewska and Wegiel, 2002
14 Onset of exogeneous feeding First-feeding larvae age 6 days post-hatching at 20°C, Lt 7.8 ± 0.6 mm, body weight 2.7 ±0.2 mg 7.8 °C * day Wolnicki, 2005
14 Onset of exogeneous feeding From hatch until day 3, the larvae obtain nutrition from susbtances stored in the yolk sac. Between day 3 and 11, the larvae started endo-exogenous feeding. 3.0 °C * day Ostaszewska, 2002
14 Onset of exogeneous feeding Between days 3 and 5 post hatch, the intestine opened at both ends and lined with columnar epithelium. Signs of digestion and lipid absorption by enterocytes were observed on day 5, while protein absorption started on day 7 of the larval development. 3.0 °C * day Ostaszewska and Wegiel, 2002
14 Onset of exogeneous feeding Beginning of exogenous (mixed) feeding at 7 days at 14°C 7.0 °C * day Kujawa et al, 2007

Female (83.0%)

Trait id Trait Primary Data Secondary Data References
15 Age at sexual maturity 4 4.0 year Shikhshabekov, 1979
15 Age at sexual maturity 4-5 [Danube] 4.5 year Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
15 Age at sexual maturity 3-5 [Sex not specified] 4.0 year Keith and Allardi, 2001
15 Age at sexual maturity 4-5 [Female] 4.5 year Kompowski et Neja, 2004
15 Age at sexual maturity About 4 [Sex not specified] 4.0 year Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
16 Length at sexual maturity 41-58 49.5 cm Shikhshabekov, 1979
16 Length at sexual maturity 37.32-45.47 [Female] 41.39 cm Kompowski et Neja, 2004
17 Weight at sexual maturity 0.840-2.800 1.82 kg Shikhshabekov, 1979
18 Female sexual dimorphism Sex was not determined, as this was impossible without harming the fish, especially in the post-spawing season Absent Fredrich, 2003
19 Relative fecundity 63-67 65.0 thousand eggs/kg Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
19 Relative fecundity Mean 70.53 ± 13.20, range 35.11 to 107.94 70.53 thousand eggs/kg Kompowski et Neja, 2004
20 Absolute fecundity 52-212 132.0 thousand eggs Shikhshabekov, 1979
20 Absolute fecundity 80-100 90.0 thousand eggs Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
20 Absolute fecundity 80-1000 540.0 thousand eggs Keith and Allardi, 2001
20 Absolute fecundity Mean of 158.526 ± 56.659 [Range 63,044 in females 43.3 cm in length and 324,833 in female 64.3 cm length] [Absolute fecundities in other populations: 16-269; 48.3-121.9; 52.2-212.8; 67.6-189.0; 73.5-366.5; 63-324.8] 158.53 thousand eggs Kompowski et Neja, 2004
20 Absolute fecundity 58-500 279.0 thousand eggs Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
22 Onset of oogenesis Beginning of September and continue to increase regularly in the winter period (December-February) ['January', 'February', 'March', 'September', 'December'] Shikhshabekov, 1979
22 Onset of oogenesis During the fall from September to November, the average GSI value rose sharply to a level close to that seen in the pre-spawning period ['September', 'October', 'November', 'December'] Kompowski et Neja, 2004
22 Onset of oogenesis The maturation of gonads is synchronous and complete in the previous autumn ['October', 'November', 'December'] Fredrich et al, 2003
23 Intensifying oogenesis activity March-April ['March', 'April'] Shikhshabekov, 1979
24 Maximum GSI value The highest average values of this index among females 12.07 occurred at the end of March. This is also when the maximum individual value of this index was observed 20.73 (range 0.22-20.73) 10.47 percent Kompowski et Neja, 2004
24 Maximum GSI value 8.6-15.3 (mean 11.6) 11.95 percent Shikhshabekov, 1979
26 Resting period 3-3.5 [Between Mid-May until end of August] 3.25 months Shikhshabekov, 1979
26 Resting period 1.61 [Between May to August] 1.61 months Kompowski et Neja, 2004
26 Resting period 1.1 1.1 months Shikhshabekov, 1979
26 Resting period In April, the average female GSI fell to 1.77, which indicates that the majority of the studied fish had already spawned. In May the female GSI value was even lower at 1.04. During the fall from September to November, the average GSI value rose sharply to a level close to that seen in the pre-spawning period. 1.77 months Kompowski et Neja, 2004

Male (100.0%)

Trait id Trait Primary Data Secondary Data References
27 Age at sexual maturity 4 4.0 years Shikhshabekov, 1979
27 Age at sexual maturity 3-4 3.5 years Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
27 Age at sexual maturity 4-5 [Male], only only one at 3 4.5 years Kompowski et Neja, 2004
28 Length at sexual maturity 41-58 49.5 cm Shikhshabekov, 1979
28 Length at sexual maturity 39.20-45.09 [Male] 42.15 cm Kompowski et Neja, 2004
29 Weight at sexual maturity 0.840-2.800 1.82 kg Shikhshabekov, 1979
30 Male sexual dimorphism Male bears nuptial tubercles over the body, particulalry the head during the breeding season Present Billard, 1997
30 Male sexual dimorphism Male bears nuptial tubercles Present Keith and Allardi, 2001
31 Onset of spermatogenesis September-October ['September', 'October'] Kompowski et Neja, 2004
32 Main spermatogenesis activity December to March ['January', 'February', 'March', 'December'] Kompowski et Neja, 2004
33 Maximum GSI value 2.02 [April] 2.02 percent Kompowski et Neja, 2004
34 Spermatogenesis duration From September to April 8.0 months Kompowski et Neja, 2004
35 Resting period 0.14 [August] 2.0 months Kompowski et Neja, 2004

Spawning conditions (80.0%)

Trait id Trait Primary Data Secondary Data References
36 Spawning migration distance Anadromous migrations, short No data Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
36 Spawning migration distance The migratory behaviour of asp was highly variable; 34 asp observed for more than 1 year lived in home ranges of 1 to > 100 stream kilometres mostly near their capture site. Longest observed migratrion from summer habitat in the Tidal Elbe back to the spawning ground in the middle of Elbe was 166 skm [To date, long upstream migrations (>50 km) from the lower river section are seldom observed] 50.0 km Fredrich, 2003
36 Spawning migration distance Anadromos migrations in shoals No data Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
37 Spawning migration period Emerges from the overwintering habitat in early spring at the time of the onset of floods ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June'] Shikhshabekov, 1979
37 Spawning migration period The first cyprinid migrating to the tributary to spawn each year was asp. 1 March to approximatively 10 April, asp dominates in biomass and sometimes in numbers. Prespawning migration of perch, roach and bream is also apparent. ['March', 'April'] Hladik and Kubecka, 2003
38 Homing Tendendy to return to the same spawning ground (reproductive homing) Present Fredrich et al, 2003
39 Spawning season April-June ['April', 'June'] Billard, 1997
39 Spawning season Mid-February to late March ['February', 'March'] Coad, 2005
39 Spawning season April-May and beginning June ['April', 'May', 'June'] Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
39 Spawning season April to June ['April', 'May', 'June'] Keith and Allardi, 2001
39 Spawning season April-May ['April', 'May'] Mann, 1996
39 Spawning season First half of April in Polish part and as earlt as March in German part ['March', 'April'] Kompowski et Neja, 2004
39 Spawning season Late March/April ['March', 'April'] Fredrich, 2003
39 Spawning season April to June, according to the latitude ['April', 'May', 'June'] Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
39 Spawning season Late winter or early spring ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June'] Fredrich et al, 2003
39 Spawning season March-May ['March', 'May'] Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006
40 Spawning period duration 1-2 (short) 1.5 weeks Shikhshabekov, 1979
40 Spawning period duration Short No data Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
40 Spawning period duration 1-2 [10-15 days] 1.5 weeks Coad, 2005
41 Spawning temperature 8-10 9.0 °C Shikhshabekov, 1979
41 Spawning temperature Start with 4-6°C 5.0 °C Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
41 Spawning temperature 17-28 22.5 °C Mann, 1996
41 Spawning temperature The average water temperature in the river during asp spawning reached 7-8°C 7.5 °C Hladik and Kubecka, 2003
41 Spawning temperature 5-12 8.5 °C Kamler and Wolnicki, 2006
42 Spawning water type Open sections of the lake with the greatest flow, more rarely in places weaklt overgrown with very coarse submerged vegetation (mainly reeds and rushes) Stagnant water Shikhshabekov, 1979
42 Spawning water type After riffles No category Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
42 Spawning water type Water with current Flowing or turbulent water Billard, 1997
42 Spawning water type Water with strong current Flowing or turbulent water Keith and Allardi, 2001
42 Spawning water type Water with strong current Flowing or turbulent water Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
42 Spawning water type Some species seem to be strickly dependent on the tributary zone as they were never observed reproducing in the reservoir (asp, bleak, chub and white bream), while others are facultative tributary users (roach, bream, pike, perch, rudd). No category Hladik and Kubecka, 2003
44 Spawning substrate Lithophil : stones and gravels Lithophils Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
44 Spawning substrate Over grounds with stones, gravels and coarse sand Lithophils Billard, 1997
44 Spawning substrate Gravel Lithophils Keith and Allardi, 2001
44 Spawning substrate Gravel/ large boulders Lithophils Mann, 1996
44 Spawning substrate Lithophil Lithophils Wolter and Vilcinskas, 1997
44 Spawning substrate Lithophils Lithophils Balon, 1975
44 Spawning substrate Gravels Lithophils Bensettiti and Gaudillat, 2002
45 Spawning site preparation Open susbstratum spawners No category Mann, 1996
45 Spawning site preparation Open substratum spawner Open water/substratum scatter Balon, 1975
48 Spawning release Spawning is non-intermittent Fractional Shikhshabekov, 1979
48 Spawning release Eggs are released synchronously No category Bruslé and Quignard, 2001
48 Spawning release Spawn once a year Total Fredrich et al, 2003
48 Spawning release Asp has only one spawning No category Hladik and Kubecka, 2003
49 Parity Life span in the Volga delta is 7-8 years with the bulk of the population mature at 6 years. In the waters of Dagestan life span is 8 years with maturity at 4 years No category Coad, 2005
49 Parity The representatives of every age class within the range of 3-16 years were found in the material studied Semelparous Trzebiatowski and Leszcewicz, 1976
49 Parity Females migrated to the tributary later and returned immediatly after spawning. Males seem to stay at the spawning grounds a few days longer No category Hladik and Kubecka, 2003
50 Parental care No, immediatly after spawning the asp leaves the spawning ground for the sea No care Shikhshabekov, 1979
50 Parental care Non-guarders No care Mann, 1996
50 Parental care Asp return quickly to the reservoir and evn its juveniles do not stay in the river for long No care Hladik and Kubecka, 2003