Coad, 2005


Citation

Coad, B.W. (2005) Species Accounts - Cyprinidae - Rhodeus. , pp.

Associated characteristics

Species Development state Trait Primary Data Secondary Data
Anguilla anguilla Egg Oocyte diameter 1.2 1.2 mm
Anguilla anguilla Egg Egg Buoyancy Pelagic Pelagic
Anguilla anguilla Female Length at sexual maturity Usually begin to mature at 54 cm to longer [38-130, silver age, female] 84.0 cm
Anguilla anguilla Female Relative fecundity 3000 3000.0 thousand eggs/kg
Anguilla anguilla Male Length at sexual maturity 29-40 [Silver age] 34.5 cm
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Spawning migration distance Spawning phase to reach the Sargasso Sea 7000 km from Europe 7000.0 km
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Spawning season Spawning takes place at the beginning of March ['March']
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 17.0 17.0 °C
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Spawning depth Spawning grounds are about 400 meters 400.0 m
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Mating system Under articificial conditions, eels are promiscuous Promiscuity
Anguilla anguilla Spawning conditions Parity Mirgating to sea to spawn and die Semelparous
Cobitis taenia Spawning conditions Parity Lives up to 5 years and is mature in its second year of life No category
Alburnoides bipunctatus Egg Oocyte diameter 2.16 [Not precised] 2.16 mm
Alburnoides bipunctatus Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive
Alburnoides bipunctatus Female Age at sexual maturity 1-2 [Sex not precised] 1.5 year
Alburnoides bipunctatus Female Female sexual dimorphism Snout longer Absent
Alburnoides bipunctatus Female Absolute fecundity 6.496 6.5 thousand eggs
Alburnoides bipunctatus Male Age at sexual maturity 1-2 [Sex not precised] 1.5 years
Alburnoides bipunctatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Pelvic fin longer Absent
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning season April-June ['April', 'June']
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning period duration 15 weeks in laboratory conditions 15.0 weeks
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 13-15.6 14.3 °C
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Fast-flowing water Flowing or turbulent water
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Sand or gravel Lithophils
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Multiple spawning over a period of 15 weeks Multiple
Alburnoides bipunctatus Spawning conditions Parity In Azerbaijan, maturity is attained at 1-2 years and life span is 3 years No category
Alburnus alburnus Spawning conditions Parity Maturity is attained at 3 years and life span is up to 9 years No category
Aspius aspius Egg Oocyte diameter 1.7 1.7 mm
Aspius aspius Egg Egg size after water-hardening 2.0-2.2 [Up to 2.4] 2.1 mm
Aspius aspius Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhering to stone Adhesive
Aspius aspius Egg Incubation time 9-10 9.5 days
Aspius aspius Spawning conditions Spawning season Mid-February to late March ['February', 'March']
Aspius aspius Spawning conditions Spawning period duration 1-2 [10-15 days] 1.5 weeks
Aspius aspius Spawning conditions Parity Life span in the Volga delta is 7-8 years with the bulk of the population mature at 6 years. In the waters of Dagestan life span is 8 years with maturity at 4 years No category
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Oocyte diameter 0.5-1.5 1.0 mm
Leucaspius delineatus Female Female sexual dimorphism Females have a unique fold of skin in the shape of two, large rounded papilla around the genital opening Present
Leucaspius delineatus Female Absolute fecundity 0.4-3.5 1.95 thousand eggs
Leucaspius delineatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Prominent nuptial tubercles on the dorsal head surface, snout, on the lower jaw in three pairs on the upper jaw in two pairs for a total of about 60 tubercules. The genital opening is depressed Present
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning season March to September ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September']
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning period duration Few weeks No data
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 18 is the miminum temperature required for reproduction 18.0 °C
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Around plants or on any flat surface Phytophils
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Females may also lay their eggs in a disc-shaped patch on any flat surface Susbtrate chooser
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Several spawnings occur over a few weeks Multiple
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Laid in strings. 50-350 eggs No category
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Parity Life span is about 4-6 years with growth fairly continuous over this period No category
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Parental care Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male who covers them with a bacteriostatic thermal mucus Biparental care
Pseudorasbora parva Egg Egg size after water-hardening 2-2.5 [Not specified] 2.25 mm
Pseudorasbora parva Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive
Pseudorasbora parva Female Female sexual dimorphism Horny pads on the jaws Absent
Pseudorasbora parva Male Male sexual dimorphism Male are darker than females and the flank has a metallic violet sheen, horny pad developps on the jaws, sharp tubercules Present
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning season April-August ['April', 'August']
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning period duration 8 8.0 weeks
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 16-18 17.0 °C
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning water type Warm, shallow and calm waters No category
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow No data
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Lower surfaces of stones, occassionnaly on mollusc shells Lithophils
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Nycthemeral period of oviposition Morning Day
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Spawning release Intermittent Spawning with up to 85 eggs per batch. up to 60 batches og eggs may be laid in a spawning season Multiple
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Parity Lifespan is about 5 years with maturity attained at 1-2 years, usually at 1 year in Europe No category
Pseudorasbora parva Spawning conditions Parental care Protected by the male using the head tubercules to drive away other fishes. Males clean the eggs and remove dead ones No category
Vimba vimba Egg Oocyte diameter 1.3-1.4 1.35 mm
Vimba vimba Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal [Deposit on gravel and stones] Demersal
Vimba vimba Egg Incubation time 3-3.5 3.25 days
Vimba vimba Egg Temperature for incubation 17-22 19.5 °C
Vimba vimba Egg Degree-days for incubation 50-70 [70-77 hours at 17-22°C] 60.0 °C * day
Vimba vimba Female Age at sexual maturity 2-3 2.5 year
Vimba vimba Female Length at sexual maturity 16-23 [Length of most spawning females] 19.5 cm
Vimba vimba Female Female sexual dimorphism Females may also develop tubercules but to a lesser extent Absent
Vimba vimba Female Absolute fecundity 89.2-200 144.6 thousand eggs
Vimba vimba Male Age at sexual maturity 2 2.0 years
Vimba vimba Male Length at sexual maturity 13-19 16.0 cm
Vimba vimba Male Male sexual dimorphism The males become black on the back, reddish on the belly, their fins become red and the tips of the dorsal and caudal fins become dark, and they develop minute tubercles on the body during the spawning season Absent
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning migration period The spawning migration begins in March or April at 10-13°C ['March', 'April']
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning season End of April until the end of May or into June ['April', 'May', 'June']
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 16-20°C 18.0 °C
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning water type Current of 0.6-0.9 m/s Flowing or turbulent water
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Eggs are deposited on gravel or stones, concrete structures and flooded fields Lithophils
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Spawning release Spawning is non-intermittent Fractional
Vimba vimba Spawning conditions Parity Life span is 6 years in Iran, at least 7 years elsewhere No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Oocyte diameter 1.8 1.8 mm
Gasterosteus aculeatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Breeding males develop a red belly and throat, blue sides, light blue back and have bright blue or turquoise eyes Present
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning season April to October ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October']
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning period duration The male parental cycle at one site in Canada lasts 9-15 days with female interspawning intervals of 19 days. 12.0 weeks
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation The male builds a barrel-shaped nest in shallow, sandy areas from plant fragments glued together on the bottom with kidney secretions No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Mating system The male has a complex courtship dance with zig-zag motions and a leading motion to the nest. A responsible female adopts a submissive head up position, which also reveals the egg-swollen belly … No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Males and females only complete one spawning in natural conditions though laboratory studies show males capable of 5 reproductive cycles and females of producing a clutch of eggs every 3-4 days. No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Parental care Male guards and fans the eggs and guards the fry Male parental care
Coregonus lavaretus Spawning conditions Spawning release Females move in each night as they rippen No category