47 |
Mating system |
More than one female may deposit eggs in the nest |
No category |
Fishbase, 2006 |
47 |
Mating system |
By pair, but a nest contains eggs coming from different females |
Monogamy |
Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
47 |
Mating system |
As many as 7 females may be encouraged to deposit eggs in one nest |
No category |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
47 |
Mating system |
Males mate with 4 different females [Polygamous] |
Polygyny |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
47 |
Mating system |
Sneak: pairspawning with sneakers or satellites |
No category |
Ah-King, 2004 |
46 |
Nycthemeral period of oviposition |
Courtship of females and fertilization of eggs generally occured on warm sunny days |
Day |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
50 |
Parental care |
Male guard its nest and the spawning until and after the htaching of eggs |
Male parental care |
Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
50 |
Parental care |
The male guards and aerates the eggs |
Male parental care |
Fishbase, 2006 |
50 |
Parental care |
The nest is guarded by the male who engages in considerable fanning at the entrance, causing a current ot flow through the nest and aerate the eggs within [The male may build a second nest] |
Male parental care |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
50 |
Parental care |
Males care for eggs and fry |
Male parental care |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
50 |
Parental care |
Male guarding and fanning |
Male parental care |
Ah-King, 2004 |
50 |
Parental care |
Male guards the nest and aerate the eggs through fanning with their pectoral fins |
Male parental care |
Bradbury, 1999 |
50 |
Parental care |
Male guards nest and fry |
Male parental care |
Goodyear, 1982 |
50 |
Parental care |
The fry remain close to the males and do not swim far from the nest |
No category |
Sokolowska and Skora, 2002 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Aquatic plants |
Phytophils |
Lafaille and Feunteun, 2001 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Among the weeds |
Phytophils |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Prefers to nest in relatively thick vegetation, but are not confined to these areas (rocks) |
Ambiguous |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Weed |
Phytophils |
Environment agency, 1996 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Ariadnophil |
No category |
Balon, 1975 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Areas containing dense aquatic vegetation |
Phytophils |
Bradbury, 1999 |
44 |
Spawning substrate |
Eggs are deposited in nest built on vegetation, rock, or rubble, or inhighly organic mud or sand |
Ambiguous |
Goodyear, 1982 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Male built a nest with parts of aquatic plants |
Nest built by male |
Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Male builts a nest among aqutic plants, using piece of plants |
Nest built by male |
Lafaille and Feunteun, 2001 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
The male builts the nest with plant fragments and binds it together with a kidney secretion |
Nest built by male |
Fishbase, 2006 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Both sex are aggresive in breeding season. The male builts a nest, usually off the bottom, in the plants, using fragments of aquatic vegetation bound together (gluing) by the threadlike, kidney secretion that hardens on contact with water |
Ambiguous |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
The sexually mature male establishes a territory on or near the substrate and then builts a nest |
No category |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Male builds nest |
Nest built by male |
Environment agency, 1996 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Nest spawner |
No category |
Balon, 1975 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Male have territories and have nests |
No category |
Ah-King, 2004 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Males construct a nest made of algae and other plants debris. |
Nest built by male |
Bradbury, 1999 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
Eggs incubate in nest constructed of fine plant fragments held together by secretions of the male |
No category |
Goodyear, 1982 |
45 |
Spawning site preparation |
In the nest of a single male |
No category |
Heins, 2003 |
41 |
Spawning temperature |
>15°C [Little courtship occur when water temperature often exceed 25°C] |
15.0 °C |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
41 |
Spawning temperature |
At 49-62°F, peak spawning occurs at 52-54°F |
55.5 °C |
Goodyear, 1982 |
40 |
Spawning period duration |
4-6 |
5.0 weeks |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
40 |
Spawning period duration |
4-5 |
4.5 weeks |
Terver, 1984 |
40 |
Spawning period duration |
The females were able to spawn for almost four months of the year in Puck Bay |
No data |
Sokolowska and Skora, 2002 |
42 |
Spawning water type |
Shallow tidal Pools |
No category |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
42 |
Spawning water type |
Although ninespine stickleback have a relatively high salinity tolerance, they have only been reported to spawn in freshwater |
No category |
Bradbury, 1999 |
42 |
Spawning water type |
Quiet areas in vegetated bays and creeks, 1-5 feet from shore, may also spawn along exposed shoreline but this is not as successful |
Stagnant water |
Goodyear, 1982 |
43 |
Spawning depth |
Generally nest in water less than 30 cm deep |
30.0 m |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
43 |
Spawning depth |
Shallow areas, yet spawning has been observed at depths of 5-40 m in some areas |
22.5 m |
Bradbury, 1999 |
43 |
Spawning depth |
To 144 feet, but usually less than 60 feet, usually nests 1-8 inches above substrates |
4.5 m |
Goodyear, 1982 |
36 |
Spawning migration distance |
No migration |
No data |
Agence de l'eau, |
36 |
Spawning migration distance |
Move inshore to shoals and harbors or upstream into creeks |
No data |
Goodyear, 1982 |
39 |
Spawning season |
April-June |
['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Billard, 1997 |
39 |
Spawning season |
April-May and in July in Nothern region |
['April', 'May', 'July'] |
Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
39 |
Spawning season |
April-June |
['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Lafaille and Feunteun, 2001 |
39 |
Spawning season |
May-June [Also in April until August] |
['April', 'August', 'May', 'June'] |
Fishbase, 2006 |
39 |
Spawning season |
Summer |
No data |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
39 |
Spawning season |
May-June |
['May', 'June'] |
Heins, 2003 |
39 |
Spawning season |
Last week of May and most nest building was finished by mid-June and was extremely rare after June 30 [Sexually mature individuals were found in the pools in early May] |
['May', 'June'] |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
39 |
Spawning season |
April-July |
['April', 'May', 'July', 'June'] |
Environment agency, 1996 |
39 |
Spawning season |
April-May |
['April', 'May'] |
Terver, 1984 |
39 |
Spawning season |
In most areas thoughout its range, spawning occurs in the summer in relatively shallow areas containing dense aquatic vegetation |
['August', 'July', 'September'] |
Bradbury, 1999 |
39 |
Spawning season |
May-July |
['May', 'July', 'June'] |
Goodyear, 1982 |
39 |
Spawning season |
The breeding season in the Bay begins at the end of April and ends in July |
['April', 'July'] |
Sokolowska and Skora, 2002 |
48 |
Spawning release |
Multiple spawner |
Mutliple |
Fitzgerald, 1983 |
48 |
Spawning release |
Female release about 100 eggs |
No category |
Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
48 |
Spawning release |
Female lays about 50 to 80 eggs |
No category |
Fishbase, 2006 |
48 |
Spawning release |
20-30 batches of eggs |
Mutliple |
Scott and Crossman, 1973 |
48 |
Spawning release |
Estimated number of clutches per female is about 21.3 |
No category |
Copp, 2002 |
48 |
Spawning release |
The range of clutch size in the two lakes was similar accross the 2 years. In Airolo Lake clutches ranged in size from 43 to 291 eggs (females 40.3-70.4mm Ls), whereas clutches in Dog Bone Lake contained 36-261 eggs (females 40.5-68.7 mm Ls) |
No category |
Heins, 2005 |
48 |
Spawning release |
May spawn more than once a season |
Mutliple |
Goodyear, 1982 |
48 |
Spawning release |
The presence of partly spent females shows that spawning in this species is portioned: a female can spawn several times during one breeding season. After one clutch of eggs has been laid in the nest the next batch of oocytes begins to mature in the ovaries |
Mutliple |
Sokolowska and Skora, 2002 |
48 |
Spawning release |
In most populations probably produce multiple clutches of eggs during a spawning season |
Mutliple |
Heins, 2003 |
49 |
Parity |
Several spawns per year |
No category |
Billard, 1997 |
49 |
Parity |
Die few weeks after spawning |
Semelparous |
Lafaille and Feunteun, 2001 |
49 |
Parity |
Longevity of the river form was 1 year and some months, whereas the lake form lived for more than 2 years |
No category |
Bradbury, 1999 |