Trait completeness | 96% |
Total data | 322 |
References | 69 |
Author: Fabrice Téletchéa
License: All rights reserved
Trait id | Trait | Primary data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhere on plants | Adhesive | Diamond, 1985 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to the plants [Mucus of their enveloppes] | Adhesive | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Billard, 1997 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive, fixed on plant or stone | Adhesive | Fishbase, 2006 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Mann, 1996 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive | Kunz, 2004 |
4 | Egg adhesiveness | Eggs firmly attached | Non-Adhesive | Keinänen, 2004 |
5 | Incubation time | 8-15 | 11.5 days | Spillmann, 1961 |
5 | Incubation time | 2-5 | 3.5 days | Rinchard, 1996 |
5 | Incubation time | Vast majority hatch in one day but can occur after 6 days at a mean temperature of 15.7°C and after 12 days at 14.5°C | 6.0 days | Diamond, 1985 |
5 | Incubation time | 4-10 | 7.0 days | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
5 | Incubation time | About 10 | 10.0 days | Vollestad, 1987 |
5 | Incubation time | About 10-17 days at 10-14°C | 13.5 days | Bohlen, 1999b |
5 | Incubation time | Eggs ware expected to hatch in approximatively 9 days at 18°C | 9.0 days | Kort, 2004 |
5 | Incubation time | Embryos hatched between 7 and 10 days post-fertilization | 7.0 days | Paull, 2008 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 150 | 150.0 °C * day | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 130 | 130.0 °C * day | Diamond, 1985 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | About 160 | 160.0 °C * day | Vollestad, 1987 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | 67 [Effective day-degrees] | 67.0 °C * day | Kamler, 2002 |
7 | Degree-days for incubation | Number of DD until mass hatching for series A in 1965: 297 [At 7.8°C],238 [At 8.2°C],187.5 [At 12.5°C], 151.3 [At 16.1°C], 86 [At 20.0°C], in 1967: 210.3 [At 8.1°C], 145.2 [At 13.4°C], 103.9 [At 21.6°C], 94.6 [At 23.9°C] | 297.0 °C * day | Kokurewicz, 1970 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 15-20 | 17.5 °C | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 14-15 | 14.5 °C | Diamond, 1985 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 10-20 for embryonic development, 7.5-24 range in which normal development occurs, <7 for lower lehtal temperature and >26 for upper lethal temperature | 15.0 °C | Herzig and Winkler, 1986 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | 18°C | 18.0 °C | Kort, 2004 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Optimum temperatures for embryonic development of roach eggs is between 12 and 24°C, while <8 and > 26°C all eggs will die | 12.0 °C | Lappalainen and Tarkan, 2007 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Spawn incubated above 20°C rendered greater incidence of development abnormalities of larvae, as well as higher mortalities | 20.0 °C | Horoszewicz, 1971 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Most numerous and healthy hatchings were obtained at temperatures ranging within 12 and 24°C | 12.0 °C | Kokurewicz, 1970 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | With lake water to maintain a natural temperature, which was 12-17°C (increasing during the experiment) | 14.5 °C | Keinänen, 2004 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | With recirculating water at 17.5°C | 17.5 °C | Jobling, 2002 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | Experimental studies have shown that a constant 9°C forms a critical temperature minimum for the development of roach embryos | 9.0 °C | Härmä, 2008 |
6 | Temperature for incubation | The water temperature was recorded hourly and controlled at 18°C and 20°C during embryogenesis and breeding, respectively […] The upper lethal temperature of embryonic development is approximately >26°C in the roach | 18.0 °C | Nzau Matondo, 2007 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | 1.9-2.5 [not precised ?] | 2.2 mm | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | 1.93-2.48 [Seems to be fertilized eggs] | 2.205 mm | Bonislawska, 2001 |
2 | Egg size after water-hardening | Mainly 1.4 [Drifting eggs] | 1.4 mm | Copp, 2002b |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal | Tyler and Sumpter, 1996 |
3 | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal | Kunz, 2004 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1-1.5 | 1.25 mm | Spillmann, 1961 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.27-1.33 | 1.3 mm | Kuznetsov and Khalitov, 1978 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1-1.5 | 1.25 mm | Rinchard, 1996 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.1-1.5 | 1.3 mm | Le Houarn, 2001 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 0.62-1.09 [Vitellogenic egg], but vary between 1.0-2.1 for other areas in Europe but not specified | 0.855 mm | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.0-1.5 | 1.25 mm | Fishbase, 2006 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm | Tyler and Sumpter, 1996 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.00-1.33 in three different populations, and 1.90-2.10 in three others [Average diameter of the largest oocyte in fully developed ovaries] | 1.165 mm | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.4 [Not specified] | 1.4 mm | Copp, 2002b |
1 | Oocyte diameter | 1.62 ± 0.3 and 1. 75 ± 0.4 [Mean high egg diameter] | 1.62 mm | Tarkan, 2006 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | The modes of egg size frequencies prior to spawning varied between 1.23 and 1.32 mm. The egg diameter in the prespawning period fluctuated between 0.97 and 1.67 (up to 1.85) in fish caught in 1980 and 1981, whereas in small fish caught in 1982 the variation covered 0.88 and 1.58 mm. In other studies, the average diameter of ova prior to spawning was: 1.1, 1.16, or 1.27 | 1.23 mm | Libovarsky, 1985 |
1 | Oocyte diameter | The egg diameter, from ovary, varied from 0.9 to 1.45 mm in Gomishan roach compared to 0.95-1.3 mm in Anzali roach | 1.125 mm | Naddafi, 2005 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
11 | Temperature during larval development | 16°C [Reared conditions] | 16.0 °C | Mooij, 1989 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | 20 | 20.0 °C | Keckeis and Schiemer, 1992 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Optimum temperatures for larval growth (expressed as Relative growth rate: RGR, %d): 15-20°C | 17.5 °C | Wolnicki, 2005 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | Reared from 12 to 15°C, 18 and 23°C | 12.0 °C | Horoszewicz, 1971 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | During the roach tests (16-25 June) the water temperature was 15 ± 0.3°C (mean ± SE of daily measurements, range 13.5-15.7°C, increasing during the tests) | 15.0 °C | Keinänen, 2000 |
11 | Temperature during larval development | The water temperature was was recorded hourly and controlled at 18°C and 20°C during embryogenesis and breeding, respectively | 18.0 °C | Nzau Matondo, 2007 |
10 | Reaction to light | Larvae are intially photophobic | Photophobic | Mann, 1996 |
14 | Onset of exogeneous feeding | Starts swimming and feeding one to three days after hatching | No data | Hlnterleitner, 1989 |
8 | Initial larval size | 4.5-6.5 | 5.5 mm | Rinchard, 1996 |
8 | Initial larval size | 5-5.5 | 5.25 mm | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | Fixed to the aquatic plants or stones by their adhesive gland | Demersal | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
9 | Larvae behaviour | Roach spawned in the middle of May, and on 24 May the yolk sac larvae were observed hanging on plants. Two days later almost all the roach larvae caught had gas in the swim bladder, although the majority still had some yolk left. Most of the orach larvae caught the next day had started feeding. By the last day of May, the mean length of roach larvae was 8.5 mm and the flecxion stage was just beginning with temperature between 12-14°C | Demersal | Urho, 1996 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
18 | Female sexual dimorphism | Tubercules cover both head, body sides and fins only in largest specimens | Absent | Witkowski and Rogowska, 1991 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | 21 [Mid-May, prior to spawning] | 21.0 percent | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | 21 [Not precised] | 21.0 percent | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | 14-16 [Just prior spawning in May] | 15.0 percent | Mann, 1973 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | Between 9.03 up to 16.67 increase with the age of female [7.35 for the smallest mature female] | 9.03 percent | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | About 11% in 2001 and 15% in 2002 [End of April] | 11.0 percent | Tarkan, 2006 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | No data | Libovarsky, 1985 | |
24 | Maximum GSI value | Mean 18%, up to 30% [In April, in Gomishan] and Mean of 15% up to 23% [In April for Anzali] | 18.0 percent | Naddafi, 2005 |
24 | Maximum GSI value | Peak at the end of May at 20-23% | 21.5 percent | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
25 | Oogenesis duration | 8-9 [From September until mid-May] | 8.5 months | Mann, 1973 |
25 | Oogenesis duration | From September until May | No data | Kopiejewska, 2003 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 123.5-167.8 | 145.65 thousand eggs/kg | Kuznetsov and Khalitov, 1978 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 95-187 | 141.0 thousand eggs/kg | Spivak, 1979 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 154-199 | 176.5 thousand eggs/kg | Wilkonska, 1994 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 350 | 350.0 thousand eggs/kg | Le Houarn, 2001 |
19 | Relative fecundity | 90-172 | 131.0 thousand eggs/kg | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
19 | Relative fecundity | The relative number of eggs fluctuated between 241 (in 1982) and 291 (1981) eggs. The individual variability fluctuated within the range 170 to 354 eggs, the frequancy distribution was rather flat, the mode lying within the range 250 to 270 eggs | 241.0 thousand eggs/kg | Libovarsky, 1985 |
19 | Relative fecundity | Different means vary between 158.98 to 320.41 | 158.98 thousand eggs/kg | Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 2 | 2.0 years | Rinchard, 1996 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 [Sex specified] | 3.5 years | Mann, 1973 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 3 minimal age (with n=4543) | 3.0 years | Spivak, 1979 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 2-3 [Male] | 2.5 years | Le Houarn, 2001 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | First male spawned at age 2, all males older than 3 are mature | 2.0 years | Vollestad, 1987 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 1+ | 1.0 years | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 2-4 [Males] | 3.0 years | Environment agency, 1996 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | The sizes at 50% maturity correponds to 3 years of age for both sexes of roach [Review from other populations: 3, 1, 2-3, 3-4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 3, 2 and 4]] | 2.5 years | Tarkan, 2006 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | A proportion of the males matured at age 2+ | 2.0 years | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | Males roaches reach their sexual maturity at 2(3)-4(5) years age | 2.0 years | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
27 | Age at sexual maturity | 2-3 years for females | 2.5 years | Paull, 2008 |
26 | Resting period | 3-4 (May-June-July-August) | 3.5 months | Rinchard, 1996 |
26 | Resting period | 3 [From June to September] | 3.0 months | Mann, 1973 |
26 | Resting period | 1.5-2 months, but could be shorted in heated reservoirs | 1.75 months | Witkowski, 1989 |
26 | Resting period | <2% (End of May until Mid-Augsut) | 2.0 months | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
26 | Resting period | May to June, July and stops in August [From graph] | No data | Tarkan, 2006 |
26 | Resting period | After the spawning period, a quiescent period of gonad activity occurs during the summer because warm temperature (>20°C) and the long hours of daulight block the development of gonads until the end of August | 20.0 months | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Starts in september and October | ['October'] | Rinchard, 1996 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Starts in September and then increase regularly until May | ['May', 'September'] | Mann, 1973 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Vitellogenesis starts in September and proceeds up to spawning | ['September'] | Kopiejewska, 2003 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | September-October, increase in GSI (Graph) | ['October', 'September'] | Tarkan, 2006 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Maturation of gonads is synchronous and complete in the previous autumn | ['October', 'November', 'December'] | Fredrich, 2003 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Developed quickly during the autumn, in September. Ovary development proceeded slowly during the winter, increased by 3 in the period from December to February [Roach belong to a group of temperate zone cyprinids that initiates gonad develoment while the temperature and photoperiod are decreasing in autumn. Ovarian development begins in early autum, and then vitellogenesis proceeds slowly throughout winter with the final maturation stages of oocytes and spawning occuring in spring or early winter] Could indicate that the lowest temperature at which roach ovary development occurs is close to 3°C | ['April', 'March', 'January', 'May', 'September', 'December', 'June', 'February', 'October', 'November'] | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
22 | Onset of oogenesis | Eggs for next spring start to develop already in July | ['April', 'May', 'July', 'June'] | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
23 | Intensifying oogenesis activity | Not a true main activity because there is a regular increase | No data | Mann, 1973 |
23 | Intensifying oogenesis activity | Increase until 6 in January then a sharp increase from 6 to max value in February-March | ['February', 'March', 'January'] | Tarkan, 2006 |
23 | Intensifying oogenesis activity | The final stages of ovary development occurred rapidly in early spring. Ig increased by 5 in the period from the beginning of April to mid-May | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
21 | Oocyte development | Group-synchronous | Group-synchronous | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
21 | Oocyte development | Synchronous ovogenesis | Synchronous | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
21 | Oocyte development | Group-synchronous | Group-synchronous | Luksiene, 2000 |
21 | Oocyte development | Roach is a total spawner with synchronous oocyte development, i.e. roach contain only one stage of developing oocytes, and ovulation is synchronous for all vitellogenic oocytes | No category | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
21 | Oocyte development | Two categories of eggs could be recognized in active ovaries at all times up to the beginning of spawning | Asynchronous | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
21 | Oocyte development | Développement groupe-synchrone des ovocytes | Group-synchronous | Beelen, 1998/1999 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 20-100 | 60.0 thousand eggs | Spillmann, 1961 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 12.4-23.7 | 18.05 thousand eggs | Kuznetsov and Khalitov, 1978 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 6.8-210 | 108.4 thousand eggs | Spivak, 1979 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 14.9-100.3 | 57.6 thousand eggs | Wilkonska, 1994 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 7-19 [log F = - 4.42 + 3.74 log FL, with FL is the fork length in mm], [Vary between 4-50 in different ears in Europe for a standard female of 170 mm in FL] | 13.0 thousand eggs | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 0.92-32.810, with a mean of 9.2 | 16.865 thousand eggs | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 7.937-16.262, in seven different populations, up to 49.354 [Average number of vitellogenic oocyes of mature females in a single spawning season] | 12.0995 thousand eggs | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | 1-15 | 8.0 thousand eggs | Environment agency, 1996 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | Varied from 7.829 to 95.387 eggs between ages 3 and 9 [Review from other populations: 7.829-95.387, 0.92-32.810, mean of 18.519,3.031-43.649, 2.2, 6.8-210, mean of 49.354, mean of 11.053, mean of 16.262, mean of 16.539, 4.251-11.180, mean of 9.506, 4.435-19.065, 3.4-272.8, 7.2-52.4, mean of 25.565, 1.98-13.59] | 51.608 thousand eggs | Tarkan, 2006 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | A roach female measuring 20 cm in standard length spawned some 67 thousand eggs. The individual variation in number of eggs fluctuated between 2.6 and 184.9 thousand. [Other studies: a range of 1.4 to 26 thousands eggs in roach 7 to 16 cm in length from the lower Danube, 1 to 24 thousand eggs in roach 8 to 17 cm in length, 36 to 67 thousand eggs in roach 13 to 25 cm in length from the Klicava reservoir, and 4 to 120 thousand eggs from the Kijevskije reservoir] | 20.0 thousand eggs | Libovarsky, 1985 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | The absolute fecundity for Caspain Sea roach has been recorded at the amazing range of 940-140000. In the present study, the ranges were 4262-98804 and 6035-32141 for Gomishan and anzali roach, respectively | 70470.0 thousand eggs | Naddafi, 2005 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | Estimated fecundity of a 6-year-old fish was 5157 with 95% confidence limits 4725 and 5631 [In other studies: The average figure for Thames roach is about 5000 or 6000 eggs per fish, caspian semi-migratory roach lay in the range 34,000-51,000, whereas in the following year it had fallen to 19000 to 41000. | 25.5 thousand eggs | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | Mean of 14 816, range 2 615-70 897 | 35.0 thousand eggs | Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991 |
20 | Absolute fecundity | > 100 00 eggs per reproductive cycle | 100.0 thousand eggs | Cattanéo, 2001 |
17 | Weight at sexual maturity | 0.175 minimal weight (n=3232) and mean=0.524 | 0.175 kg | Spivak, 1979 |
17 | Weight at sexual maturity | 14.60 ± 0.61 g !! [Smallest mature female 11.7 g] | 14.6 kg | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
17 | Weight at sexual maturity | Weight of male sampled: 73.95 ± 51.65, range 11.15-467.20 g in Gomishan wetland and 96.41 ± 39.14, range 37.37-238.34 g in Anzali | 73.95 kg | Naddafi, 2005 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | 19.4 minimal size (n=3232) and mean=25.8 | 19.4 cm | Spivak, 1979 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Between 10-12 cm for age 3, and 12-14 cm for age 4 [Female] | 11.0 cm | Vollestad, 1987 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | 11-12 [Smallest mature female 10.6 cm long] | 11.5 cm | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | 14.98 for LT50 [Review for other populations: 10.6 (TL), 8.1-9 (SL), 13.5-15.3 (SL), 10-11 (TL)] | 8.55 cm | Tarkan, 2006 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | In the lower Danube, the first mature females among two-year-old individuals of standard length 9 to 13 cm, also described as at the end of the second year of life the first mature individuals reached a length array of 135-153 mm, and 71-180 mm in the Batak reservoir | 144.0 cm | Libovarsky, 1985 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Length of female sampled: 184.65 ± 26.39, range 104-311 (most 176-180) in Gomishan wetland and 203.69 ± 23.61, range 153-271 (most 191-200) mm in Anzali | 184.65 cm | Naddafi, 2005 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Mean of 18.37, range 11.7-28.2 for females studied | 19.95 cm | Banbura and Koszalinski, 1991 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Bigger than males 10-13 cm | 11.5 cm | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
16 | Length at sexual maturity | Females are often larger than males | No data | Kortet, 2004b |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3 | 3.0 year | Rinchard, 1996 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 [Sex specified] | 3.5 year | Mann, 1973 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 : minimal age (with n=3232) | 3.5 year | Spivak, 1979 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 [Female] | 3.5 year | Le Houarn, 2001 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3 [Female] | 3.0 year | Fishbase, 2006 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | The first females spawned at age 3, all females older than age 5 are mature | 3.0 year | Vollestad, 1987 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 2+ | 2.0 year | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3 in height different populations from south to north [30-36 months, age at maturation] | 3.0 year | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-5 [Females] | 4.0 year | Environment agency, 1996 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | The sizes at 50% maturity correponds to 3 years of age for both sexes of roach [Review from other populations: 3, 2, 2-3, 3-4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,3,3,3, 2, 4.5, 2 and 5] | 2.5 year | Tarkan, 2006 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | The first sexually mature females were found to be aged 2 (age group III), the roach spawned after three winters of their life. [Other studies: 85% of roach females in age group II took part in spawning. Most authors however have shown that roach females spawned in age group III. Attainment of sexual maturity in age group IV for the first time was also reported, the age 3 to 4] | 2.0 year | Libovarsky, 1985 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | The youngest maturing females seen were age 3+ | 3.0 year | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | Female first time spawners are older, 3(4)-5(6) years | 3.0 year | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | All female fish of 4 yr or older from both reference sites in the autumn were undergoing sexual maturation | 4.0 year | Jobling, 2002b |
15 | Age at sexual maturity | 3-4 years for females | 3.5 year | Paull, 2008 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on head, snout, sides of the head, fins | Present | Spillmann, 1961 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Numerous nuptial tubercules on head, snout, sides of the head, fins | Present | Rinchard, 1996 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Tubercules cover both head, body sides and fins | Absent | Witkowski and Rogowska, 1991 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Male bears nuptial tubercles all over the body, and particularly on the anterior part | Present | Le Houarn, 2001 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | Have secondary sexual ornements, breeding tubercles, that are keratin-based epidermal nodules which are common in males of several fish taxa | Absent | Kort, 2004 |
30 | Male sexual dimorphism | All the males studied, including the ones with no breeding tubercles, were sexually mature and ready to spawn | Absent | Kortet, 2004b |
31 | Onset of spermatogenesis | September until November [stops during winter] | ['March', 'January', 'September', 'February', 'November'] | Escaffre and Billard, 1976 |
31 | Onset of spermatogenesis | September-October and contiue to increase regularly | ['October', 'September'] | Mann, 1973 |
31 | Onset of spermatogenesis | September to October | ['October', 'September'] | Tarkan, 2006 |
31 | Onset of spermatogenesis | Gonads of the male in August | ['August'] | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | 9 | 9.0 percent | Suquet, 1994 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | 9 [March] | 9.0 percent | Escaffre and Billard, 1976 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | 8-9 [March] | 8.5 percent | Mann, 1973 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | 9.7-11.07, quite constant during the life of male | 10.385 percent | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | About 7.5% in 2001 and 8% in 2002 [April] | 7.5 percent | Tarkan, 2006 |
33 | Maximum GSI value | Mean of 4.5, up to 7.5 and even 9% [In March, in Gomishan] and mean of 4, up to 7.5% [In March for Anzali] | 4.5 percent | Naddafi, 2005 |
32 | Main spermatogenesis activity | February | ['February'] | Escaffre and Billard, 1976 |
32 | Main spermatogenesis activity | February-Beginning of March | ['February', 'March'] | Mann, 1973 |
32 | Main spermatogenesis activity | Increase regularly from October to April, slight increase in February-March | ['February', 'October', 'April', 'March'] | Tarkan, 2006 |
35 | Resting period | About 1 [During June-August] | 1.0 months | Escaffre and Billard, 1976 |
35 | Resting period | About 1 [June, July until August] | 1.0 months | Mann, 1973 |
35 | Resting period | June, July and August | No data | Tarkan, 2006 |
34 | Spermatogenesis duration | 7 months [Duration between the beginning of spermatogonial multiplications and the appartion of spermatozoa] | 7.0 months | Escaffre and Billard, 1976 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | 17.5 minimal length (n=4543) and mean=24 | 17.5 cm | Spivak, 1979 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | From 8-9 at age 2, to 10-11 for age 3, male | 8.5 cm | Vollestad, 1987 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | Smallest mature male 7.4 cm long | 7.4 cm | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | 12.26 for LT50 [Review from other populations: 7.4 (TL), 6.3-7.0 SL), 11-13.5 (SL) and 9-10 (SL)] | 6.65 cm | Tarkan, 2006 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | Length of male sampled: 167.72 ± 33.58, range 91-237 (most 161-170) in Gomishan wetland and 202.65 ± 21.45, range 137-275 (most 201-210) mm in Anzali | 167.72 cm | Naddafi, 2005 |
28 | Length at sexual maturity | When they are 8-11 cm long | 9.5 cm | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
29 | Weight at sexual maturity | 0.098 minimal weight (n=4543) and mean=0.319 | 0.098 kg | Spivak, 1979 |
29 | Weight at sexual maturity | Smallest mature male 3.78 g !! | 3.78 kg | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
29 | Weight at sexual maturity | Weight of male sampled: 53.11 ± 29.36, range 6.38-148.08 g in Gomishan wetland and 93.88 ± 31.56, range 24.21-245 g in Anzali | 53.11 kg | Naddafi, 2005 |
Trait id | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
47 | Mating system | Spawning usually take place when the female had one to six (generally two or three) males in close attendance swimming alonside or just behind her (more details in the article). | No category | Diamond, 1985 |
47 | Mating system | Intensive lek-like group-mating | Promiscuity | Kort, 2004 |
47 | Mating system | Spawning in several groups was observed in rare cases | Promiscuity | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
47 | Mating system | Group spawners | Promiscuity | Jobling, 2002b |
47 | Mating system | In large groups | Promiscuity | Kortet, 2004b |
46 | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Morning, most spawning took place before 1600 hours with infrequent spawning until 2100 hours | Day | Diamond, 1985 |
50 | Parental care | No, after spawning the shoal dispersed | No category | Diamond, 1985 |
50 | Parental care | Non guarders | No care | Fishbase, 2006 |
50 | Parental care | Non-guarders | No care | Mann, 1996 |
50 | Parental care | No parental protection of zygotes, embryo and larvae | No category | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
50 | Parental care | Does not display parental care | No category | Kort, 2004 |
50 | Parental care | Roach show no parental care for their offspring | No care | Kortet, 2004b |
44 | Spawning substrate | Phyto-lithophyl: plants, roots, stones (sometimes concrete) | Ambiguous | Rinchard, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Above and around plants | Phytophils | Diamond, 1985 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Plants, roots, stones | Ambiguous | Billard, 1997 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Phyto-lithophyle | No category | Le Houarn, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Eggs adhere to sumerged plants, but other substrata are utilised if suitable plants are absent, 5-15 cm in diameter | Phytophils | Mann, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Dense weed, occasionally gravel | Ambiguous | Environment agency, 1996 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Phytolithophil | Lithophils | Wolter and Vilcinskas, 1997 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Phyto-lithophils | Lithophils | Balon, 1975 |
44 | Spawning substrate | In lake Geneva, roach usually spawn on rocks | Lithophils | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Phytolithophil | Lithophils | Cattanéo, 2001 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Spawn over willow tree roots and long-leafed vegetation | Phytophils | Smith, 2004 |
44 | Spawning substrate | It spawns generally on vegetation, but it can spawn also on the remnants of vegetation, other debris or even in stones | Ambiguous | Lappalainen and Tarkan, 2007 |
44 | Spawning substrate | Spawns on stones and vegetation | Ambiguous | Kortet, 2004b |
45 | Spawning site preparation | No | No category | Diamond, 1985 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open water/substratum egg scatterers | Open water/substratum scatter | Fishbase, 2006 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawner | Open water/substratum scatter | Mann, 1996 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Zygotes are placed in a special habitat (e.g. scattered on vegetation, or buried in gravel) | Susbtrate chooser | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Open substratum spawner | Open water/substratum scatter | Balon, 1975 |
45 | Spawning site preparation | Dos not display parental care | No category | Kort, 2004 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Above 15 | 15.0 °C | Spillmann, 1961 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 12-15 | 13.5 °C | Rinchard, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 14-17.2°C in the Lake and 16.2°C and 17.4°C in the canal | 15.6 °C | Diamond, 1985 |
41 | Spawning temperature | The threshold of water temperature is 14°C | 14.0 °C | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 16-20°C | 18.0 °C | Dubois and Gillet, 2003 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 7.4-10.5 | 8.95 °C | Vollestad, 1987 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Spawning after the water has reached 10°C | 10.0 °C | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 7-19 | 13.0 °C | Mann, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 8-14 | 11.0 °C | Environment agency, 1996 |
41 | Spawning temperature | From early April (13°C) to late May (18°C) [review from other populations: 10, 8-10, 11-19, 12, 16-17.8, 14, 14, and 6-10] | 9.0 °C | Tarkan, 2006 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 14-16 | 15.0 °C | Libovarsky, 1985 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 18-20, also described as 18-20, 16, 12, and 10 | 19.0 °C | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
41 | Spawning temperature | 13-14 | 13.5 °C | Hladik and Kubecka, 2003 |
41 | Spawning temperature | The onset of spawning is synchronized by photoperiod, and water temperature is important in regulating the intensity and duration of spawning. Spawning usually takes place in water temperature 8 and 17°C. Also found to spawner at a lower temperature (7.4°C) which coule be an adaptation to the colder climatein Norway. The onset temperature vary from differente sources from 7.8 to 18, mostly 10-14°C | 12.0 °C | Lappalainen and Tarkan, 2007 |
41 | Spawning temperature | The temperature ranged from 12 to 16°C was the longest prevailling one in natural roach spawning grounds in Uchinskoye reservoir near Moscow | 12.0 °C | Horoszewicz, 1971 |
41 | Spawning temperature | The temperature of water during spawning in seperate years amounted to 19.4 and 18.7°C | 19.4 °C | Kokurewicz, 1970 |
41 | Spawning temperature | Roach spawns most typically at temperatures between 8 and 19.4°C with extremes reaching to 5 and 22°C […] Spawned spontaneously in the laboratory when the temperature reached 18-20°C […] Spawning started in lakes when the median water temperature measured at four stations in large lakes reached 8.7°C. During roach spawning in rivers, the lake temperature was almost one degree lower [...] In lake Peipse roach starts to spawn at water temperature of 8-10°C, and mass spawning takes place at 10-13°C | 19.0 °C | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
41 | Spawning temperature | In the laboratory, the fish were maintained at 11°C in single-sex groups in circular 1500 l tanks to keep their spawning stage stable prior to ehavioural tests […] The water temperature in the stream tank was kept between 18 and 20°C | 11.0 °C | Kortet, 2004b |
40 | Spawning period duration | Short period, all individuals spawn together | No data | Spillmann, 1961 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Short period : about 1 week | 1.0 weeks | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Few days | No data | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Short | No data | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Lasted 15-25 days | 20.0 weeks | Vollestad, 1987 |
40 | Spawning period duration | 1-2 [0.50-1.00 months, length of breeding season] | 1.5 weeks | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
40 | Spawning period duration | 8-10 | 9.0 weeks | Terver, 1984 |
40 | Spawning period duration | From 1 to 3 months [4 populations at 4 weeks, one at 8 weeks and two few days] | 1.0 weeks | Tarkan, 2006 |
40 | Spawning period duration | In 1980, spawing took place between May 12 and 19. All females taken fater May 19 were spent, two of them partially spent. In 1981, the spawning began round May 12. On May 14 and 19 no famles were caught retaining all egs, two were found partially spent | 1980.0 weeks | Libovarsky, 1985 |
40 | Spawning period duration | During the first half of the survey period, roach spawned at the end of may or at the beginning of June. The spawning period lasted c. 1 week. During the second half of the survey period, the roach spawning period occurred in mid-May | 1.0 weeks | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Short spawning period | No data | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Within a few days the bulk of spawning roach returned downstream | No data | Hladik and Kubecka, 2003 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Duration vary according to different sources from 1 day to 60, mostly 3-15 days | 9.0 weeks | Lappalainen and Tarkan, 2007 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Median values (upper and lower quartiles in parenthesis) => 5 (3-9) in lakes and 3 (2-5) in rivers […] Our analysis revealed a rather short period spawning duration (median 5 days) at a particular spawning ground, but obviously bue to the large spatial variability of conditions in the whole basin, the spawning period is extended to several weeks | 6.0 weeks | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
40 | Spawning period duration | Takes place in the spring over 1 or 2 days | 1.0 weeks | Jobling, 2002b |
42 | Spawning water type | Canal | Stagnant water | Diamond, 1985 |
42 | Spawning water type | Rivers, small tributaries of lakes | Stagnant water | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
42 | Spawning water type | Stream near a lake | Stagnant water | Vollestad, 1987 |
42 | Spawning water type | Current velocity: >20 cm/s | Flowing or turbulent water | Mann, 1996 |
42 | Spawning water type | In lake Geneva, along the embankments | Stagnant water | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
42 | Spawning water type | Some species seem to be strickly dependent on the tributary zone as they were never observed reproducing in the reservoir (asp, bleak, chub and white bream), while others are facultative tributary users (roach, bream, pike, perch, rudd). Generalists: fish spawning in suitable places both inthe tributary and the reservoir: bream, roach, perh, pike and ruffe | No category | Hladik and Kubecka, 2003 |
42 | Spawning water type | Littoral waters, bays, creeks and small ponds, which are warm in spring | Stagnant water | Kortet, 2004b |
42 | Spawning water type | Shallow, sheltered, and vegetated shores are important as spawning and larval areas for roach in lakes | Stagnant water | Härmä, 2008 |
43 | Spawning depth | Near the surface | No data | Diamond, 1985 |
43 | Spawning depth | Near the surface of the water | No data | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
43 | Spawning depth | In relatively shallow waters | No data | Kortet, 2004b |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Limited home range, spawning migrations | No data | Environment agency, 1996 |
36 | Spawning migration distance | Roach migrate towards deeper water (25-35 m) in winter when water temperature is constant through the water column in deep lakes. Roach migrate towards warmer waters near the surface when a temperature gradient begins to appear again in the spring | 30.0 km | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
37 | Spawning migration period | The first migrations of roach to the backwaters started in mid-January and peaked from early February until late April. In mid-May, the daily migrations into the backwaters decreased considerably whereas no fish were caught after then end of June. | ['April', 'January', 'May', 'June', 'February'] | Kestemont, 1999 |
37 | Spawning migration period | Adult roach migration was maximal by the end of April | ['April'] | Molls, 1999 |
37 | Spawning migration period | Upstream migration of mature roach strated in early May with medium or falling watr level (3-6°C). Main stream migration lasted about 5-7 days | ['May'] | Vollestad, 1987 |
37 | Spawning migration period | Early March, the roach started moving to the spawning ground which occur during the first half of April | ['April', 'March'] | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
37 | Spawning migration period | The roach strated migrations also very early in the spring, the first migration waves occurred in the first half of April. The main spawing runs of ripe individuals strated on the turn of April and May when the water temperature in the river continuously increased and reached 13-14°C. Prespawning pahse of the main cyprinid species. approximatively 10 april until 1 may. Phase after finishcing of asp spawning (all females spent)., but before the main spawning run of cyrpinids. The males of roach, bleak, bream and chub, may be active and releasing milt, but the females do not release eggs. Perch spawnig starts in this period. | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Hladik and Kubecka, 2003 |
37 | Spawning migration period | The upstream migration of roach started in a small river in Norway at water temperatures of 6-10°C, and in the Malse River (Czech Republic) at 13-14°C | No data | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
37 | Spawning migration period | The fish were caught during the spawning migration (spring 2007) in the Volga Reach of Rybinsk Reservoir | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Talikina, 2008 |
37 | Spawning migration period | During the upstream migration (March-June), mature roach, silver bream and common bream females were collected from natural populations in a fish pass at the Lixhe dam (Belgian River Meuse, 50°45', 5°40'E) | ['March', 'June'] | Nzau Matondo, 2007 |
39 | Spawning season | April | ['April'] | Spillmann, 1961 |
39 | Spawning season | Last week of April, first week of May | ['April', 'May'] | Rinchard, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | Start at May, 25 until May, 27 when the shoal dispersed, in the lake the roach spawned for at least 4 days, and one year later they spawned intermittently over a period of 19 days | ['May'] | Diamond, 1985 |
39 | Spawning season | April until June | ['April', 'June'] | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | Latter half of May | ['May'] | Mann, 1973 |
39 | Spawning season | April to June | ['April', 'June'] | Billard, 1997 |
39 | Spawning season | April to June | ['April', 'June'] | Le Houarn, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | May | ['May'] | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
39 | Spawning season | April-May, sometimes June | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Fishbase, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | Started in Mid-May until Mid-June | ['May', 'June'] | Vollestad, 1987 |
39 | Spawning season | May | ['May'] | Kopiejewska, 2003 |
39 | Spawning season | First half of April | ['April'] | Papageorgiou, 1979 |
39 | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] | Mann, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | April to early July | ['April', 'July'] | Environment agency, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | April to June | ['April', 'June'] | Terver, 1984 |
39 | Spawning season | The spawning occurs in early April to late May | ['April', 'May'] | Tarkan, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | Perch spawned between 16 and 24 May (peak 17-19 May) near the shoreline on branches. Roach spawned at the same time as or a few days earlier than perch | ['May'] | Urho, 1996 |
39 | Spawning season | Late winter or early spring | ['April', 'March', 'January', 'May', 'June', 'February'] | Fredrich, 2003 |
39 | Spawning season | In mid-May [Other authors descibed it in: last from May 11 to 22 in the Klicava reservoir, in southern Poland spawning occurred from the 3rd decade of April till the 1st decade of June] | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Libovarsky, 1985 |
39 | Spawning season | Spawn in May or June, depending on the water temperature in Lake Geneva | ['May', 'June'] | Gillet and Quétin, 2006 |
39 | Spawning season | May-June | ['May', 'June'] | Cattanéo, 2001 |
39 | Spawning season | The spawning of roach occured in Lake Konnevesibetween 1 and 4 June | ['June'] | Kort, 2004 |
39 | Spawning season | Roach stared to spawn on average aound 30 April (day no. 120) in rivers and around 5 May in lakes within the Narva River Basin. One half of all measurement fell into a range of 16 days between 26 April and 11 May […] In lake Peipsi roach starts to spawn at the end of April. Spawning ends during the second half of May | ['April', 'May'] | Noges and Järvet, 2005 |
39 | Spawning season | In the Trent, roach hatched between the end of April (2003) and the beginning of June (2002), but usually in the third and fourth weeks of May | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Nunn, 2007 |
39 | Spawning season | One to coincide with the annual spawning (spring sampling: Aire, n = 44, 18 May 1998, Nene, n = 70, 22 May, 1998, refrence 3, n = 51, 19 May 1998) | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Jobling, 2002b |
39 | Spawning season | Spawning in spring | ['April', 'May', 'June'] | Kortet, 2004b |
39 | Spawning season | In the Baltic Sea, roach spawn in early May after the ice breakup | ['May'] | Härmä, 2008 |
38 | Homing | Fish tend to return on their spawning site | Present | Rinchard, 1996 |
38 | Homing | "Roach have ""fixed spawning grounds"", which they use annualy" | Present | Diamond, 1985 |
38 | Homing | Show a certain degree of homing | Present | Bruslé and Quignard, 2001 |
38 | Homing | Return with 90.2% precision to their home tributary for subsequent spawnings | Present | Vollestad, 1987 |
38 | Homing | Tendendy to return to the same spawning ground (reproductive homing) | Present | Fredrich, 2003 |
48 | Spawning release | Single | No category | Rinchard and Kestemont, 1996 |
48 | Spawning release | Once, no evidence of further spawning | No category | Diamond, 1985 |
48 | Spawning release | Spawn only once | No category | Molls, 1999 |
48 | Spawning release | Single spawner | Total | Rinchard, 1996 |
48 | Spawning release | Spawns only one batch of eggs per season | Mutliple | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2000 |
48 | Spawning release | Spawn a single time per spawning season | No category | Kopiejewska, 2003 |
48 | Spawning release | Single spawning per year | Total | Vila-Gispert and Moreno-Amich, 2002 |
48 | Spawning release | Synchronous type of spawning has been reported | No category | Tarkan, 2006 |
48 | Spawning release | One single spawning | Total | Luksiene, 2000 |
48 | Spawning release | Spawn once a year | Total | Fredrich, 2003 |
48 | Spawning release | Sheld all their eggs in one batch | Mutliple | Mackay and Mann, 1969 |
48 | Spawning release | Only one spawning of roach occurred each year | No category | Hladik and Kubecka, 2003 |
48 | Spawning release | One batch | Mutliple | Cattanéo, 2001 |
48 | Spawning release | R. rutilus spawned only once, the embryos hatching around May 23rd | No category | Rheinberger, 1987 |
48 | Spawning release | Shed a single batch of eggs in a well-defined spawning period | Mutliple | Nunn, 2007 |
48 | Spawning release | Single event | No category | Jobling, 2002b |
48 | Spawning release | Pondeur unique | No category | Beelen, 1998/1999 |
49 | Parity | Iteroparous | Iteroparous | Diamond, 1985 |
49 | Parity | Iteroparous, oldest male was 13 and oldest female 17 years | Iteroparous | Vollestad, 1987 |
49 | Parity | Iteroparous cyprinid | Iteroparous | Kort, 2004 |