Kerr, S.J. and Grant, R.E. (1999) Ecological impacts of fish introductions: Evaluating the risk.
Fish and Wildlife Branch, Ontation Ministry of Natural Resources
Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
Pimephales promelas | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Eggs are adhesive | Adhesive |
Pimephales promelas | Egg | Incubation time | 4.5-6 at 25°C | 5.25 days |
Pimephales promelas | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 25 | 25.0 °C |
Pimephales promelas | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 120-140 [4.5-6 days at 25°C] | 130.0 °C * day |
Pimephales promelas | Larvae | Initial larval size | 5 | 5.0 mm |
Pimephales promelas | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | Newly hatched fry are translucent | Demersal |
Pimephales promelas | Female | Age at sexual maturity | Females may mature in second summer | 2.0 year |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | May or June until August | ['May', 'June', 'July', 'August'] |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | 10-12 [From late May and ends sometimes in August] | 11.0 weeks |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 15-18, 14.4-18.3, 15.6-28.9 | 16.5 °C |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | 0.6-0.9 m deep | 0.75 m |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Eggs are laid on the underside of a rock, branch or log, also on stems of hardstem bulrush | Lithophils |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Males construct nest | No category |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Spawning usually takes place at night, but will spawn during daylight hours | Day |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Fractional spawner | Fractional |
Pimephales promelas | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Males guard nest | Male parental care |
Esox masquinongy | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Fertilized eggs drop into the vegetation | No category |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration period | Move to spawning sites at temperatures from 8.3-9.0°C | No data |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Homing | Reproductive homing to the same spawning area from year to year is reported | Present |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Spring spawner, spawns shortly after ice has melted in late April or early May | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 9.4-15, other authors: 8-10.5°C; 7.8-13°C; 12.8 optimal | 12.2 °C |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Usually spawn at either the upper or lower ends of low gradient pools | No category |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Water 38-51 cm in depth [Sometimes up to 3 meters deep] | 44.5 m |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Spawning activity usually occurs in heavily vegetated flooded areas | No category |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Fertilized eggs are scattered at random | Open water/substratum scatter |
Esox masquinongy | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Adults pair off at spawning time, usually one large female with one ot two smaller males | No category |
Esox lucius | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive eggs scattered over vegetation stick to the stems of plants | Adhesive |
Esox lucius | Egg | Incubation time | 12-14 [At 10°C], but 4-5 [17.8-20.0°C] | 13.0 days |
Esox lucius | Larvae | Initial larval size | 7-9.8 | 8.4 mm |
Esox lucius | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | Attached to vegetation, the sac fry remain inactive for 6-10 days until the yolk is absorbed | Demersal |
Esox lucius | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | 26°C for maximum larval growth | 26.0 °C |
Esox lucius | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | Female pike tend to live longer and attain heavier weights than male fish | Absent |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Homing | The degree of homing instinct to previously used spawning sites is unclear for this species | Present |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Spring spawner, spawning commences shortly after ice-out but can sometimes occur before ice melts | ['April', 'May', 'June'] |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 4.4-12°C, but generally 9°C [The start of spawning period usually coincides with the period of peak run-off when water temperatures are approximately 4.4°C, the spawning period ends when water temperature reach 13°C) | 8.2 °C |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Small tributary streams, marshes to adjacent to lakes or in shallow, weedy days of larger lakes or rivers | Stagnant water |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Are usually no deeper than 178 mm but can be up to 450 mm deep | 178.0 m |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Optimal substrate is flooded vegetation, preferably grasses and sedges | Phytophils |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Random spawner | No category |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Mating system | One or two smaller males pair up with one larger, mature female | No category |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | A single female may spawn over a period of several days | Multiple |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Parity | Can be long-lived reaching at least 24 or 25 years | No category |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Provides no parental care for eggs or young | No care |
Ambloplites rupestris | Egg | Incubation time | 3-4 | 3.5 days |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Late spring and early summer | ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September'] |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 16-21; 15.6; 15.6-21.1 and 20.6-23.3 | 18.5 °C |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | 50-75 cm in depth | 62.5 m |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Sand or gravel bottom, swamps, gravels shoals, coarse sand or gravel bottom | Lithophils |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Male clear shawllow depression up to 0.6 m in diameter | No category |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Individulas may spawn in different nests with different mates | No category |
Ambloplites rupestris | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Males guard eggs and fry | Male parental care |
Lepomis gibbosus | Egg | Incubation time | 3 | 3.0 days |
Lepomis gibbosus | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | Newly hatched inhabit nearshore open water areas | Demersal |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Late spring, early summer | ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September'] |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 20, 18.9-21.1 | 20.0 °C |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Shallow water of ponds, lakes, slow-moving streams close to shore | Stagnant water |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow waters: 20.3-40.6 cm or 15.2-30.5 cm or 15.2-45.7 | 30.45 m |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Aquatic vegetation with clay, sand or gravel bottom | Lithophils |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Nest diameter usually two times length of the male | No category |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Males and females may spawn more than once during the spanwing season | No category |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Males guard nest and fry | Male parental care |
Micropterus dolomieui | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Eggs are adhesive in nature and stick to the nest substrate | Adhesive |
Micropterus dolomieui |