Internet, 2005


Citation

Internet. (2005) Stripped bass - Morone saxatilis (Walbaum). , pp.

Associated characteristics

Species Development state Trait Primary Data Secondary Data
Alosa sapidissima Egg Egg size after water-hardening 2.5-3.8 3.15 mm
Alosa sapidissima Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal, semi-demersal or slightly heavier than fresh water, suspended by water-current [a moderate current (about 1 meter per second or less) will keep eggs floating] Demersal
Alosa sapidissima Egg Egg adhesiveness Initially adhesive or slightly adhesive and then non-adhesive Non-Adhesive
Alosa sapidissima Egg Incubation time 8-12 [11-15°C] or 17 [12°C] 10.0 days
Alosa sapidissima Egg Temperature for incubation 11-15 13.0 °C
Alosa sapidissima Egg Degree-days for incubation About 120-150 135.0 °C * day
Alosa sapidissima Larvae Initial larval size 6.5-10 8.25 mm
Alosa sapidissima Larvae Larvae behaviour Newly larvae are pelagic, and most abundant at the surface Pelagic
Alosa sapidissima Female Absolute fecundity 155-410 or 2.150 or 30-300 282.5 thousand eggs
Alosa sapidissima Male Age at sexual maturity 3-5 4.0 years
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning migration period Shad begin to enter the estuary as early as fall, the spawning runs occur in March ['March', 'October', 'November', 'December']
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning season April-June ['April', 'June']
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 8-26 [Max 15-20] 17.0 °C
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning water type Concentrated near the shore, main channel [Freshwater, possibly brackish water] Stagnant water
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning depth Near the surface No data
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning substrate None, but survival is apparently higher when deposited over sandy and gravel areas Lithophils
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Nycthemeral period of oviposition Midnight to early morning Day
Alosa sapidissima Spawning conditions Spawning release Broadcast singly No category
Abramis brama Egg Oocyte diameter 1.6-2 [Not precised] 1.8 mm
Abramis brama Female Relative fecundity 30-40 35.0 thousand eggs/kg
Abramis brama Spawning conditions Spawning season Mid-May until Mid-June ['May', 'June']
Abramis brama Spawning conditions Spawning water type Weed beds Stagnant water
Abramis brama Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow waters No data
Carassius auratus Egg Oocyte diameter 1.0-1.7 1.35 mm
Carassius auratus Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Carassius auratus Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive
Carassius auratus Egg Incubation time 5 [20°C], 3-4 [20-27.5°C] 3.5 days
Carassius auratus Egg Temperature for incubation 20-27.5 23.75 °C
Carassius auratus Egg Degree-days for incubation 80-100 90.0 °C * day
Carassius auratus Larvae Initial larval size Mostly 4-4.5 [rarely 3.0 or 5.0] 4.25 mm
Carassius auratus Larvae Larvae behaviour Benthic, remain near the spawning area, then near the surface after yolk sac is absorbed Demersal
Carassius auratus Female Age at sexual maturity 2-3 2.5 year
Carassius auratus Female Absolute fecundity Mean 14 [2 to 400] 14.0 thousand eggs
Carassius auratus Male Age at sexual maturity 2 2.0 years
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning season April trough July ['April', 'July']
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 15-23 [but also 18-29.5] 19.0 °C
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Creeks, ditches, ponds and reservoirs Stagnant water
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow waters No data
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Aquatic vegetation, submerged tree branches, roots, leaves Phytophils
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Mating system Each female may be pursued by several males No category
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning release Female are able to spawn more than once each spawning season Multiple
Carassius auratus Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited on substrates in single from; can be very dense in certain areas because of repeated deposition Total
Cyprinus carpio Egg Oocyte diameter 1.5-2.1 but as small as 1.0 [Not specified if swollen] 1.8 mm
Cyprinus carpio Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Cyprinus carpio Egg Egg adhesiveness Highly adhesive throughout incubation period Adhesive
Cyprinus carpio Egg Incubation time 3-5 at 20°C 4.0 days
Cyprinus carpio Egg Degree-days for incubation 60-90 75.0 °C * day
Cyprinus carpio Larvae Initial larval size Most average 4.38-5.70 [From 3.0 up to 6.69] 5.04 mm
Cyprinus carpio Larvae Larvae behaviour At bottom or attached to aquatic vegetation immediatly after hatching, then gradually in shallow water at bottom amon vegetation, occassionally in water column [Newly hatched larvae lay on their sides at the bottom of the aquarium] Demersal
Cyprinus carpio Female Absolute fecundity 36-2208 1122.0 thousand eggs
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning season March to July [Peak spawning in May through July] ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July']
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 18-22 is the optimum [Peaking at 22-26, but from 15-28°] 20.0 °C
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning water type Tidal and non-tidal fresh water, either in fresh water or oligohaline water (10 ppt) No category
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow areas, near surface No data
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Submerged plants, grass roots of undercut tanks, dead leaves, floating plants and logs Phytophils
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Weedy areas Phytophils
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning release Able to spawn more than once during the breeding season Multiple
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited in clusters, repeated deposition Fractional
Pseudorasbora parva Female Absolute fecundity Fecundity is about 5000 ellipitical eggs 5000.0 thousand eggs
Gambusia affinis Egg Oocyte diameter 1.8-2.1 but also 2.4-2.8 [Not specified] 1.95 mm
Gambusia affinis Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal [but embedded in the ovary] Demersal
Gambusia affinis Egg Egg adhesiveness Chorion filaments are adhesive Adhesive
Gambusia affinis Egg Incubation time The gestation period is 21-28 days 24.5 days
Gambusia affinis Larvae Initial larval size 7-10 8.5 mm
Gambusia affinis Spawning conditions Spawning season April-September ['April', 'September']
Gambusia affinis Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 15.5 up to 30 15.5 °C
Gambusia affinis Spawning conditions Spawning water type Variable: sluggish water, land-locked ponds, reservoirs, creeks, streams, and sloughs [Mostly in freshwater but oligohaline water] Stagnant water
Gambusia affinis Spawning conditions Mating system Male fish use a gonodopodium [modified from anal fin rays] to contact's female urogenital tract and transfer sperm. No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Oocyte diameter 1.7-1.9 1.8 mm
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Egg adhesiveness Highly adhesive to each other but not to substrates Adhesive
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Incubation time 7.0 7.0 days
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Temperature for incubation 18-20 19.0 °C
Gasterosteus aculeatus Egg Degree-days for incubation 125-140 [7 days at 18-20°C] 132.5 °C * day
Gasterosteus aculeatus Larvae Initial larval size 4.2-4.5 4.35 mm
Gasterosteus aculeatus Larvae Larvae behaviour Newly hatched larvae stay near the bottom Demersal
Gasterosteus aculeatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Male exhibits breeding color at ca. 12°C and retain their color for a month after spawning season: brilliant, dark green and orange-red spawning coloration Absent
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning season May-July [But also February-August] ['February', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August']
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning period duration Under ideal laboratory control conditions, a pair can spawn six times within an interval of 10-15 days 12.5 weeks
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 15.8-18.5 17.15 °C
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Shallow weedy areas [Freshwater and brackish water] Stagnant water
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Twigs and debris; strands of algae and pieces of aquatic plants; fragments of aquatic plants, algae, and debris Phytophils
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Males builds a barrel-shaped nest with plant fragments and renal secretions No category
Gasterosteus aculeatus Spawning conditions Spawning release 50-300 in several spawnings. mostly less than 100 and more than 50 per batch Multiple
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Oocyte diameter 0.8-1.2 1.0 mm
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive [Attached to the substrate] Adhesive
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Incubation time 3 [At 28°C] 3.0 days
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Temperature for incubation 28 28.0 °C
Lepomis gibbosus Egg Degree-days for incubation 84, i.e. 3 days at 28°C 84.0 °C * day
Lepomis gibbosus Larvae Initial larval size 2.4-3.1 2.75 mm
Lepomis gibbosus Larvae Larvae behaviour Remain at the bottom of the nest for as short period and then inhabit dense vegetation and also venture out into open waters Demersal
Lepomis gibbosus Female Age at sexual maturity 2-3 [Sex not specified] 2.5 year
Lepomis gibbosus Female Absolute fecundity 0.6 - 2.9 [For females of 2-5 years] 1.75 thousand eggs
Lepomis gibbosus Male Age at sexual maturity 2-3 [Sex not specified] 2.5 years
Lepomis gibbosus Male Male sexual dimorphism Brilliant green to organe-red spawning coloration of males Absent
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning season May trough August in mid-Atlantic region ['May', 'August']
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 20-24 is the optimum temperature [Also 17.5-20°C] 22.0 °C
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Lakes, reservoirs, ponds and creeks Stagnant water
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning depth Large nests are built in deeper water, and small ones in periphery No data
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Gravel, sand, hard clay or debris such as broken glass Lithophils
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Males construct nests in close proximity No category
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Mating system Both males and females may mate with different parterns in the same or different nests No category
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited in clusters, or singly but very dense pert unit area Fractional
Lepomis gibbosus Spawning conditions Parental care Male guards nest, sometimes two nests until larvae are free-swimming Male parental care
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Oocyte diameter 1.2-2.5 [Unfertlized egg] 1.85 mm
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Egg size after water-hardening 2.0 [Ferlitized eggs] 2.0 mm
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive initially after fertilization, attach to rocky surfaces in the nest Adhesive
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Incubation time 2.5 [25.6], 10 [12.8] 2.5 days
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Temperature for incubation 12.8-25.6 [Not specified the optimum] 19.2 °C
Micropterus dolomieui Egg Degree-days for incubation 60 up to 120 60.0 °C * day
Micropterus dolomieui Larvae Initial larval size 4.6 4.6 mm
Micropterus dolomieui Larvae Larvae behaviour Remain in the nest for several days and them swim in dense schools, protected by male for 2-3 weeks Demersal
Micropterus dolomieui Female Age at sexual maturity 2-4 [Sex not specified] 3.0 year
Micropterus dolomieui Female Absolute fecundity 2-21 11.5 thousand eggs
Micropterus dolomieui Male Age at sexual maturity 2-4 [Sex not specified] 3.0 years
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning season May-July [Estimated also in April-May] ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July']
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 16.1-18.3 are the optimal temperature [13-16°C] 17.2 °C
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning water type From stream to lake, water with little current Stagnant water
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow water No data
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Sandy to rocky bottom, gravel and rock rubble, rocky river and creek bed Lithophils
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Male constructs a nest 30-60 cm diameter in shallow water No category
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Spawning release Small clusters, becoming loose Fractional
Micropterus dolomieui Spawning conditions Parental care Male guards the nest during incubation and after hatching until juvenile reach about 25 mm TL, or during 1-3 weeks Male parental care
Micropterus salmoides Egg Oocyte diameter 1.5-1.7 and 1.63-1.71 1.6 mm
Micropterus salmoides Egg Egg Buoyancy Dermersal Demersal
Micropterus salmoides Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive, attached to stones; sitcky when first deposited, lose their adhesiveness after water hardening Adhesive
Micropterus salmoides Egg Incubation time 2 [22°C], 5 [18.9°C] 2.0 days
Micropterus salmoides Larvae Initial larval size As small as 2.3; 3.6-4.1 [recently hatched fish collected in the field] 3.85 mm
Micropterus salmoides Larvae Larvae behaviour Newly hatched larvae remain in the nest, postlarvae venture to the surface in small schools and eventually disperse into shallow weedt waters Demersal
Micropterus salmoides Female Absolute fecundity 2-94 up to 110 48.0 thousand eggs
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning season April through June, peaking in early May ['April', 'May', 'June']
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 14-16 [start and up to 24°C] 15.0 °C
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning water type Waters of ponds, lakes, reservoirs, soughs of the Delta, creeks and some irrigation ditches [usually nests are built in areas without current or wave action] Stagnant water
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow inshore waters No data
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Mostly over gravel, but also mud, sand to mud below boulders Lithophils
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation The males construct a nest, usually a depression near the shore No category
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Mating system During a spawning season, a female may mate with several males in different nests No category
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning release Several batches of eggs are deposited into the nests at short intervals Multiple
Micropterus salmoides Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited in center of the nest, eggs deposited in small clusters or loosely all over the nest Fractional
Morone chrysops Egg Oocyte diameter 0.81 0.81 mm
Morone chrysops Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Morone chrysops Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive
Morone chrysops Egg Incubation time 4.5 [14°C], 3-4 [16°C] but 1 day at 26°C 3.5 days
Morone chrysops Egg Temperature for incubation 14-26 20.0 °C
Morone chrysops Egg Degree-days for incubation 50-80 65.0 °C * day
Morone chrysops Larvae Temperature during larval development 30-32 °C is lethal for larvae 31.0 °C
Morone chrysops Female Age at sexual maturity 3 [Sex specified] 3.0 year
Morone chrysops Female Length at sexual maturity 26 26.0 cm
Morone chrysops Female Female sexual dimorphism Urinary and genital pores are seperated in females Present
Morone chrysops Female Absolute fecundity 61.7-994 527.85 thousand eggs
Morone chrysops Male Age at sexual maturity 3 [But sometimes at 1-2] 1.5 years
Morone chrysops Male Length at sexual maturity 22 22.0 cm
Morone chrysops Male Male sexual dimorphism Urinary and genital pores are united in males Absent
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Spawning season April-June ['April', 'June']
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 17-23 20.0 °C
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Spawning water type Tuburlent areas of rivers No category
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Spawning depth 0.6-2 m 1.3 m
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Gravel or sand Lithophils
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Mating system Polygamous mating system with no mate selection No category
Morone chrysops Spawning conditions Parental care No parental care is given to eggs or young No care
Morone saxatilis Egg Egg size after water-hardening Mean 3.3, or range 3.4-4.2 3.8 mm
Morone saxatilis Egg Egg Buoyancy Slightly heavier than freswater, suspended near bottom; planktonic Pelagic
Morone saxatilis Egg Egg adhesiveness Non-adhesive Non-Adhesive
Morone saxatilis Egg Incubation time 2 days at 17-18°C 17.5 days
Morone saxatilis Egg Temperature for incubation 17-18 17.5 °C
Morone saxatilis Egg Degree-days for incubation 40 [2 days at 17-18°C] 17.5 °C * day
Morone saxatilis Larvae Initial larval size 2.9-5.0 3.95 mm
Morone saxatilis Female Absolute fecundity 11-5300 2655.5 thousand eggs
Morone saxatilis Spawning conditions Spawning season April-June, can extend to mid-summer ['April', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September']
Morone saxatilis Spawning conditions Spawning temperature Starts at 14-15, bulk of spawn 16-18°C 14.5 °C
Morone saxatilis Spawning conditions Spawning water type Areas with good flow and/or tidal action which provides increased agitation and aeration to the eggs and help keeps tehm in suspension No category
Morone saxatilis Spawning conditions Spawning substrate No substrate No category
Oncorhynchus mykiss Egg Oocyte diameter 4.6-6.2 [3-5] 5.4 mm
Oncorhynchus mykiss Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Oncorhynchus mykiss Egg Egg adhesiveness None, adhesive during water hardening process Adhesive
Oncorhynchus mykiss Larvae Initial larval size 14-15.5 14.75 mm
Oncorhynchus mykiss Female Absolute fecundity 0.2-12 6.1 thousand eggs
Oncorhynchus mykiss Spawning conditions Spawning season December through April, January trough March, Spring ['January', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'December']
Oncorhynchus mykiss Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 10-15.5 12.75 °C
Oncorhynchus mykiss Spawning conditions Spawning water type Large tributaries of river system, some coastal creeks, smaller tributaries within the estuary No category
Oncorhynchus mykiss Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Gravel Lithophils
Oncorhynchus mykiss Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited in loose cluster or piles Fractional
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Oocyte diameter 6.0-8.5 7.25 mm
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Egg adhesiveness Non-adhesive, adhesive during water hardening Non-Adhesive
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Incubation time 50-55 at 10-12.5°C 52.5 days
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Temperature for incubation Survive best at temperature less than 14 14.0 °C
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Egg Degree-days for incubation 550.0 550.0 °C * day
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Larvae Initial larval size 20 20.0 mm
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Larvae Larvae behaviour Newly hatch larvae stay in the gravel 2-3 weeks until the yolk is absorbed, then become free swimming, and remain in the sapwning area or more dowstream Demersal
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning season All year around because many races are involved No data
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 10-15 12.5 °C
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning water type Past, upper reaches of River, also in some tributaries No category
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning depth Shallow riffle areas No data
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Gravels to coarse gravels Lithophils
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Large redds (nests) are constructed by the females Susbtrate chooser
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Mating system A dominante male joints the female in the redd and the two engage in the spawing act No category
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Spawning release Deposited and buried in clusters in gravel Fractional
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Spawning conditions Parental care The female buries the eggs in loose gravel and remains at the nest for about two weeks or until she dies No category
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Oocyte diameter 3.0-3.4 for unfertilized egg 3.2 mm
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Egg size after water-hardening Fertilized eggs about 3.0 mm 3.0 mm
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Egg adhesiveness Adhesive Adhesive
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Incubation time 5 [At 25°C], 6-9 [20.6-23.3] 7.5 days
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Temperature for incubation 20-25 22.5 °C
Ameiurus nebulosus Egg Degree-days for incubation About 125-180 152.5 °C * day
Ameiurus nebulosus Larvae Initial larval size 6-8 7.0 mm
Ameiurus nebulosus Larvae Larvae behaviour Remain in the nest for about one week, stay as a tight mass at the bottom [Possess a very large yolk sac] Demersal
Ameiurus nebulosus Female Absolute fecundity 2-13 7.5 thousand eggs
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning season May-June [April until August] ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August']
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 21-25 [Temperature reaching 21°C] 23.0 °C
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Prefer shallow weedy areas of streams and lakes, most spawning probably occur in nontidal freshwater Stagnant water
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Sand, gravel, logs, rock, vegetation Lithophils
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Nests are excavated by either the female or both parents Nest built by both parents
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Spawning release Expels 30-50 eggs at time, deposited in clusters Fractional
Ameiurus nebulosus Spawning conditions Parental care Eggs stick to one another and are covered by a gelatinous coating, and are guarded and aereted by one or both parents; sometimes the egg mass is put into the mouth and then ejected Biparental care
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Oocyte diameter 3.3-4 3.65 mm
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Egg Buoyancy Demersal Demersal
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Egg adhesiveness Very adhesive Adhesive
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Incubation time 7-10 [At 24-26°C], 6 [At 24°C] 8.5 days
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Temperature for incubation 24-26 25.0 °C
Ictalurus punctatus Egg Degree-days for incubation About 150 150.0 °C * day
Ictalurus punctatus Larvae Initial larval size 6.4 6.4 mm
Ictalurus punctatus Larvae Larvae behaviour Stay at or near the nest for several days then disperse into shallow water Demersal
Ictalurus punctatus Female Absolute fecundity 1-1.6 [70 ?] 1.3 thousand eggs
Ictalurus punctatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Male assumes a darker body coloration with thick lips Present
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning season April-June [Sometimes late July-early August] ['April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August']
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 21-29 [But optimum around 27-28°C] 25.0 °C
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Undercut banks, under rock ledges, weedy areas, log jams, muskrat burrows Lithophils
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Nests are constructed by one or both parents among the crevices and holes in the rocky jetties Nest built by both parents
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Mating system By pair Monogamy
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning release This species may spawn more than once a year Total
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Eggs are deposited in large, flat gelatinous mass No category
Ictalurus punctatus Spawning conditions Parental care After the spawning, males drive females away from the nest and guard eggs from predators and aerate the eggs until larvae disperse [During incubarion males may eat some eggs] No category