Craig, J.F. (2000) Percid fishes Systematics, Ecology and Exploitation., pp.
Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Egg | Oocyte diameter | Average is 1 | 1.0 mm |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive, sticking to stones or submerged vegetation | Adhesive |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Egg | Incubation time | 8-10 [at 10-15°C] | 9.0 days |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 100-120 [8-10 at 10-15°C] | 110.0 °C * day |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Larvae | Initial larval size | 2.5-3.2 | 2.85 mm |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | 25-30 optimal temperature for larval growth | 27.5 °C |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Female | Length at sexual maturity | 11-12 [Sex not specified] but sometimes 6.5-7.0 | 11.5 cm |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Female | Absolute fecundity | 17.8 is the average [13-82] | 47.5 thousand eggs |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Male | Length at sexual maturity | 11-12 [Sex not specified] but sometimes 65-70 | 11.5 cm |
Gymnocephalus cernua | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration period | Undergoes spawning migrations from winter habitats which are deep areas in river or lakes to shallow areas which are stony and covered with aquatic macrophytes | ['January', 'February', 'March'] |