Bonislawska et al, 1999


Citation

Bonislawska, M. and Korzelecka, A. and Winnicki, A. (1999) Morpholomechanical aspects of the embryonic development of sun bleak (Leucaspius delineatus Heck.). Fol. Univ. Agric. Stetin. Piscaria, pp. 13-23

Associated characteristics

Species Development state Trait Primary Data Secondary Data
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Egg size after water-hardening Mean of 1.26 [Swollen egg] 1.26 mm
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Egg adhesiveness Mucopolysaccharides contained in the ovarian fluid harden in water, adhering the eggs to the substraum Adhesive
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Incubation time 5 days at 20°C; also described as 4 days in 20°C; also described as 5-6 days in 22-23.6°C 5.5 days
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Temperature for incubation Mean water temperature in the laboratory was 20°C (daily variations ±1°C) 20.0 °C
Leucaspius delineatus Egg Degree-days for incubation About 100 at 20°C 100.0 °C * day
Leucaspius delineatus Larvae Initial larval size Slim larva, carrying a small yolk sac, was 4.25 mm long on the average (the smallest one 4.1 mm, the longest 4.4 mm) 4.25 mm
Leucaspius delineatus Larvae Larvae behaviour A specific prolongation of embryonic development within the membane seems to be a fairly unusual development phenomenon; as a result the hatching larvae is capable of an independent life in water [Others described as: hatched larvae had no cement glands and were so advanced in develoment that were able to commence active life and form soals under the water surface as soon as they left the egg membranes while also described as that sun bleak larvae, as of other cyprinids, first attached themselves to the substraum, and sawm upward, to the surface, to fill the air bladder, only after having resorbed the yolk sac] Demersal
Leucaspius delineatus Larvae Temperature during larval development Reared at 20°C 20.0 °C
Leucaspius delineatus Larvae Full yolk-sac resorption Contents of small yolk sac were very quickly resorbed: 1-2 days at 20°C 1.5 °C * day
Leucaspius delineatus Female Age at sexual maturity Sexual maturity is attained at the age of two years (both males and females) 2.0 year
Leucaspius delineatus Female Female sexual dimorphism Females have three small bulges near anus Absent
Leucaspius delineatus Female Relative fecundity Relative fecundity is very high from 300 thousand to 900 thousand egg per Kg 300.0 thousand eggs/kg
Leucaspius delineatus Female Absolute fecundity Low ranging from 700 to 2100 eggs 700.0 thousand eggs
Leucaspius delineatus Male Age at sexual maturity Sexual maturity is attained at the age of two years (both males and females) 2.0 years
Leucaspius delineatus Male Male sexual dimorphism Reproducing males have white spawing tubercles characteristic of many male cyprinids in spawning condition Absent
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning season Commences in May, depedning on thermal conditions, and last until August ['May', 'August']
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning period duration Commences in May, depedning on thermal conditions, and last until August No data
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature Commnenced spawning at water temperature fo 15°C 15.0 °C
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Submerged plants, roots and sunken objects Phytophils
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning site preparation Females deposits their eggs in a ribbon No category
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Spawning release Egg are laid in batches, so spawners spawn every few or every several days. Also observed that each female laid 3-5 batches of eggs Multiple
Leucaspius delineatus Spawning conditions Parental care Sun bleak are egg guarder; as soon as he eggs are fertilized, the male starts to fan and guard them eagerly No category