Spillmann, C.J. (1961) Faune de France : Poissons d'eau douce., pp. 303
Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Mating system | By pair, or by small groups of 1 female and 2-3 males | Ambiguous |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Mating system | Several female may mate in the same nest | No category |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Mating system | By pair | Monogamy |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | During the night | Night |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night : between 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. | Night |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night | Night |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night | Night |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Night | Night |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | Early in the morning | Day |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Parental care | None | No category |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Parental care | None | No category |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Spawn is guarded by male | Male parental care |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Parental care | The spawning is guarded by the male and larvae are also guarded during 3 to 4 weeks after the hatching. | Male parental care |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Parental care | The spawning is guarded | No category |
Cottus gobio | Spawning conditions | Parental care | Male guards the nest | Male parental care |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels and pebbles | Lithophils |
Barbatula barbatula | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels or aquatic plants | Ambiguous |
Cobitis taenia | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants and stones | Ambiguous |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | On plants but also pebbles | Ambiguous |
Alburnus alburnus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Submerged plants and gravels | Ambiguous |
Barbus barbus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Lithophilous spawner, which lays eggs onto gravelly bottom | Lithophils |
Carassius auratus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants | Phytophils |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Gravels | Lithophils |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants or gravels | Ambiguous |
Leuciscus idus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Plants or sandy grounds | Ambiguous |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Pebbles and gravels | Lithophils |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Aquatic plants | Phytophils |
Tinca tinca | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Aquatic plants | Phytophils |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Aquatic plants | Phytophils |
Lota lota | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Clear gravels | Lithophils |
Lepomis gibbosus | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Sand | Psammophils |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Sand or gravel | Ambiguous |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | Male construct a nest | Nest built by male |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 22-24 [Optimum, but could start when the temperature reaches 14°C] | 23.0 °C |
Alburnus alburnus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | From 15 | 15.0 °C |
Carassius auratus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 20-25 [In fish farm] | 22.5 °C |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | Above 11 | 11.0 °C |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 13 | 13.0 °C |
Rutilus rutilus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | Above 15 | 15.0 °C |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 18-27 | 22.5 °C |
Tinca tinca | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 18-26 | 22.0 °C |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 7-10 | 8.5 °C |
Lota lota | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 5-10 | 7.5 °C |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 16-18 | 17.0 °C |
Perca fluviatilis | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 13-14 | 13.5 °C |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | About 15 | 15.0 °C |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | 4-5 [Southern populations from 10 February to 24 March] | 4.5 weeks |
Rutilus rutilus | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | Short period, all individuals spawn together | No data |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | Quite long period | No data |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Rapid current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | With constant current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Near the shoreline | Stagnant water |
Alburnus alburnus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Near the shoreline | Stagnant water |
Chondrostoma nasus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Gobio gobio | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with some current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Water with current | Flowing or turbulent water |
Esox lucius | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Calm waters near the shoreline | Stagnant water |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Calm waters | No category |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Near the surface | No data |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Deep water [Depth not precised] | No data |
Abramis brama | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Near the surface | No data |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Shallow waters | No data |
Lota lota | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Sometimes quite deep in lakes | No data |
Micropterus salmoides | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Nest are constructed mainly in shallow waters (45-80cm) | 62.5 m |
Sander lucioperca | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Quite deep | No data |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | Some females display nuptial tubercules | Present |
Chondrostoma nasus | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | Pigmentation is more pronounced | Present |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | Bright colors | Absent |
Tinca tinca | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | No | Absent |
Sander lucioperca | Female | Female sexual dimorphism | During the spawning season, female display a white belly compared to male | Present |
Alosa alosa | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | None | Absent |
Barbatula barbatula | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | The second ray of pectoral fin is enlarged and longer, the second and eigth rays are recovered by sharp tubercules | Absent |
Cobitis taenia | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | The second ray of the pectoral fin is enlarged, and at the base of the fin (Internal face) there is a bony process with a scale-spahe calle the Canestrini organ. Pectoral fin are relatively longer | Absent |
Abramis brama | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on head, fins, and sides. Colors become brighter | Present |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules, and longer paired fin | Present |
Alburnus alburnus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on back and sides, and inferior fins are colored in orange at their base | Present |
Barbus barbus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercles on head on on three lines on the back | Present |
Carassius carassius | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on head and first rays of fins | Present |
Chondrostoma nasus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercles, the first ray of pectorals becomes thicker, pigmentation is more pronounced | Present |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Do not seem to display any bright color | Present |
Gobio gobio | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | During the spawning season, male bears nuptial tubercules | Present |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Bears whitish nuptial tubercules on snout, head, cheeks, opercules, sides and belly. Pectoral fin are longer in male than female | Present |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Bear nuptial tubercules on head, and bright colours | Present |
Rutilus rutilus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on head, snout, sides of the head, fins | Present |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Nuptial tubercules on head and back | Present |
Tinca tinca | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Two lateral thickning sysmetric of the muscle wall, located just behind and above the insertion of the pelvic fin | Absent |
Salvelinus alpinus | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | Bright colors on sides and pair and impair fins | Present |
Barbus barbus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Carassius auratus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Highly adhesive | Adhesive |
Chondrostoma nasus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to gravel | Adhesive |
Gobio gobio | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Stick to gravel | Adhesive |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Tinca tinca | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Esox lucius | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
Lota lota | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Not sticky, free on the ground | Non-Adhesive |
Lepomis gibbosus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive [Stick to the substrate] | Adhesive |
Micropterus salmoides | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Eggs are adhesive | Adhesive |
Gymnocephalus cernuus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Sticky | Adhesive |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Incubation time | 4-8 | 6.0 days |
Alosa fallax | Egg | Incubation time | 4-5 | 4.5 days |
Alburnoides bipunctatus | Egg | Incubation time | About 10 | 10.0 days |
Alburnus alburnus | Egg | Incubation time | 14-21 | 17.5 days |
Barbus barbus | Egg | Incubation time | 7-14 | 10.5 days |
Carassius auratus | Egg | Incubation time | About 7 | 7.0 days |
Chondrostoma nasus | Egg | Incubation time | 14 | 14.0 days |
Chondrostoma toxostoma | Egg | Incubation time | 12-15 | 13.5 days |
Gobio gobio | Egg | Incubation time | 14-28 | 21.0 days |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Incubation time | 25 | 25.0 days |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Egg | Incubation time | NO INFORMATION | No data |
Rutilus rutilus | Egg | Incubation time | 8-15 | 11.5 days |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Egg | Incubation time | 8-15 | 11.5 days |
Tinca tinca | Egg | Incubation time | 6-8 [Depending on the temperature] | 7.0 days |
Esox lucius | Egg | Incubation time | 10-12 | 11.0 days |
Micropterus salmoides | Egg | Incubation time | 5-6 at 17°C | 5.5 days |
Gymnocephalus cernuus | Egg | Incubation time | About 10 | 10.0 days |
Perca fluviatilis | Egg | Incubation time | 8 at 13°C | 8.0 days |
Sander lucioperca | Egg | Incubation time | 10-16 | 13.0 days |
Cottus gobio | Egg | Incubation time | 30 | 30.0 days |
Alosa alosa | Female | Relative fecundity | About 50 | 50.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Abramis brama | Female | Relative fecundity | 30-40 | 35.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Esox lucius | Female | Relative fecundity | 30 | 30.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Lota lota | Female | Relative fecundity | 1000 | 1000.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Sander lucioperca | Female | Relative fecundity | About 200 | 200.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Salvelinus alpinus | Female | Relative fecundity | About 1 | 1.0 thousand eggs/kg |
Anguilla anguilla | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 8-15 | 11.5 years |
Carassius auratus | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 2 | 2.0 years |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Female | Age at sexual maturity | 2 | 2.0 years |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 60-80 at 24°C | 70.0 °C * day |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 325 [25 days at 13°C] | 325.0 °C * day |
Lota lota | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 200 | 200.0 °C * day |
Micropterus salmoides | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 85-105 | 95.0 °C * day |
Perca fluviatilis | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | 104 | 104.0 °C * day |
Sander lucioperca | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | About 120-150 [i.e. 10-16 days at 12-15°C] | 135.0 °C * day |
Cottus gobio | Egg | Degree-days for incubation | About 300 [i.e. 30 days at 11°C] | 300.0 °C * day |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 13 | 13.0 °C |
Esox lucius | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 10 | 10.0 °C |
Sander lucioperca | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 12-15 | 13.5 °C |
Cottus gobio | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 11 | 11.0 °C |
Barbus barbus | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration distance | Migration is present: sometimes 303 km in 37 days | 303.0 km |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration distance | Short migration | No data |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Spawning conditions | Spawning migration distance | Short migrations | No data |
Leuciscus idus | Egg | Egg size after water-hardening | 2.5 | 2.5 mm |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Floats during a moment and then sinks to the bottom | Ambiguous |
Alosa fallax | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Sink to the bottom | Semi-Pelagic |
Chondrostoma nasus | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal [Sink to the bottom] | Ambiguous |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Egg Buoyancy | Demersal | Demersal |
Alosa alosa | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5-2 | 1.75 mm |
Alosa fallax | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.2-1.5 | 1.35 mm |
Barbatula barbatula | Egg | Oocyte diameter | About 1 | 1.0 mm |
Cobitis taenia | Egg | Oocyte diameter | About 1 | 1.0 mm |
Blicca bjoerkna | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1-1.5 | 1.25 mm |
Alburnus alburnus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Barbus barbus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Chondrostoma nasus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Gobio gobio | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 2 [Not specified] | 2.0 mm |
Leuciscus leuciscus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Phoxinus phoxinus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1-1.5 | 1.25 mm |
Rutilus rutilus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1-1.5 | 1.25 mm |
Scardinius erythrophthalmus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1 | 1.0 mm |
Tinca tinca | Egg | Oocyte diameter | <1 | 1.0 mm |
Esox lucius | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 2-2.5 [Not specified] | 2.25 mm |
Lota lota | Egg | Oocyte diameter | Slightly above 1 | 1.0 mm |
Lepomis gibbosus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 | 1.5 mm |
Micropterus salmoides | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.45-1.5 | 1.475 mm |
Gymnocephalus cernuus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1 | 1.0 mm |
Perca fluviatilis | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5-2.0 [Not precised] | 1.75 mm |
Sander lucioperca | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.5 [Not specified] | 1.5 mm |
Salvelinus alpinus | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 4-4.5 | 4.25 mm |
Cottus gobio | Egg | Oocyte diameter |