Laurila, S. and Holopainen, I.J. (1990) Features of embryonic and larval development of crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.) with a note on species identification. Annales Zoologici Fennici., pp. 361-367
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Oocyte diameter | The eggs of crucian carp are spherical and yellowish-orange. The diameter of the eggs were 1.37 mm (SD = 0.09, n = 62) in HL 1.61 mm (SD = 0.10, n = 62) in Varaslampi. […] Other author give a diameter of 1.05-1.35 mm for mature oocytes (eggs) of crucian carps in West Siberian waters. Also describes as 1.45-1.52 mm. | 1.2 mm |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Egg size after water-hardening | After fertilization the eggs swell | No data |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | The eggs attach singly to the vegetation | Non-Adhesive |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Incubation time | The incubation depends on temperature being approx. 4 days at 20°C and 2 days at 25-27°C | 26.0 days |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Temperature for incubation | Placed in jars kept at room temperature (20-25°C) | 22.5 °C |
| Carassius carassius | Egg | Temperature for incubation | Different stages of embryonic, larval and juvenile development were described from fish kept at 20°C in the laboratory | 20.0 °C |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Initial larval size | The total length of the larva is 4.5-5.5 mm at hatching. Other authors: 5.0-5.2 ; 4.2-4.9 ; 3.8-5.2 | 5.0 mm |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | The newly hatched larvae are passive: they lie on the bottom of the aquarium, for example. In the second day after hatching they try to swimupwards, towards the light (positive phototaxis) and attach to plants | Demersal |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Reaction to light | Positive phototaxis | Photopositive |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | Different stages of embryonic, larval and juvenile development were described from fish kept at 20°C in the laboratory | 20.0 °C |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Full yolk-sac resorption | The yolk sac disappears completely at the length between 6.5-7.2 mm | 6.85 °C * day |
| Carassius carassius | Larvae | Onset of exogeneous feeding | A few days (3 days at 20°C) after hatching the fish swim to the surface to fill the swim bladder and then switch to exogenous feeding and yolk reserves are reduced. | 3.0 °C * day |
| Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Between May and July | ['May', 'July'] |
| Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | The spawning of this species takes place at high temperatures (> 17°C) | 17.0 °C |
| Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | The species is described as being phytophil, open substrate spawner | Phytophils |
| Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning site preparation | The species is described as being phytophil, open substrate spawner | Susbtrate chooser |
| Carassius carassius | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | The eggs are laid in 2-3 batches […] This species is a fractional spawner: the females release only part of their eggs at each spawning | Multiple |