Kennedy, 1969


Citation

Kennedy, M. (1969) Spawning and early development of the dace Leuciscus leuciscus (L.). J. Fish. Biol., pp. 249-259

Associated characteristics

Species Development state Trait Primary Data Secondary Data
Barbatula barbatula Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Lithophil Lithophils
Abramis brama Spawning conditions Spawning temperature About 15 15.0 °C
Abramis brama Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Deposit their eggs on plants Phytophils
Cyprinus carpio Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Deposit their eggs on plants Phytophils
Gobio gobio Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Lithophil Lithophils
Leuciscus leuciscus Egg Egg size after water-hardening 2.0-2.5, mostly 2.4-2.5 [Ova] 2.25 mm
Leuciscus leuciscus Egg Egg adhesiveness Eggs, singly or in clumps or two to five, were also found adhering to pebbles on the bottom, especially in the eddis behind larger stones Adhesive
Leuciscus leuciscus Egg Incubation time About 4 weeks, more precisely 20-23 [12°C], 29-30 [10°C] 21.5 days
Leuciscus leuciscus Egg Temperature for incubation 11-14, mean of 12 [Laboratory water temperatures] 12.5 °C
Leuciscus leuciscus Larvae Initial larval size 8.6 8.6 mm
Leuciscus leuciscus Larvae Temperature during larval development 11-14, with a mean of 12 12.5 °C
Leuciscus leuciscus Larvae Full yolk-sac resorption 90-120 [The yolk-sac was absorbed in a week or to ten days, when the larvae were about 10 mm long] 105.0 °C * day
Leuciscus leuciscus Larvae Onset of exogeneous feeding About 100 [Feeding begin before the yolk-sac was fully absorbed] 100.0 °C * day
Leuciscus leuciscus Spawning conditions Spawning season Might spawn in early March, possibly even in February ['February', 'March']
Leuciscus leuciscus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature About 10 10.0 °C
Leuciscus leuciscus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Prefers swifter currents Flowing or turbulent water
Leuciscus leuciscus Spawning conditions Spawning depth The eggs were, however, widely and adundantly distributed in the riffle in depths of 25 to 40 cm from just above the pool 25.0 m
Leuciscus leuciscus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Is clearly a lithophil spawner Lithophils
Phoxinus phoxinus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Lithophil Lithophils
Scardinius erythrophthalmus Spawning conditions Spawning temperature About 15 15.0 °C
Scardinius erythrophthalmus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Deposit their eggs on plants Phytophils
Tinca tinca Spawning conditions Spawning temperature 20-21 20.5 °C
Tinca tinca Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Deposit their eggs on plants Phytophils
Esox lucius Egg Oocyte diameter 2.8-3.0 [Irish pike] 2.9 mm
Esox lucius Egg Incubation time 10-14 days 12.0 days