Leman, V.N. (1993) Spawning sites of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta: Microhydrological regime and viability of progeny in redds (Kamchatka River basin). Journal of Ichthyology, pp. 104-117
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Egg | Incubation time | 180 [3-4°C in natural conditions], 240 [1-8°C in natural conditions] | 3.5 days |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Egg | Incubation time | For subsurface waters, incubated from September to Mid-April, i.e. 225 days at 0-9°c, mostly <1°C, and for ground waters incubated from September to Mid February, i.e. 165 at 3-4°C. | 4.5 days |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Egg | Temperature for incubation | Groundwater has a temperature of 4-5°C and varies little over the course of the year, whereas the subsurface river water is warmer in the summer (9-10°C) and colder in the winter (0.2-0.3C) than the groundwater | 4.5 °C |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | Emergence vary between Mid-february to Mid-April for groudnwaters incubation, 60 days at 3-4°C, and for subsurface waters from 30-40 days at 2-6°C | 3.5 °C |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Larvae | Full yolk-sac resorption | Emergence vary between Mid-february to Mid-April for groundwaters incubation, 60 days at 3-4°C, and for subsurface waters from 30-40 days at 2-6°C | 3.5 °C * day |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | There are two main seasonal fomrs of chum salmo, with the chief differences between then being reprodcutive-the summer form spawns in sites with subsurface river flow with seasonal (and dialy) temperature variation and the atum form selects spawning sites influneced by groundwater under relatively constant temperatures | ['July', 'August', 'September'] |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | Spawning at these sites extended from Late July to October | No data |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 8-10°C | 9.0 °C |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Maximum spawning density is seen at sites with the most intensive input of groundwater | No category |
| Oncorhynchus keta | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | Eggs are deposited mainly at 20-30 cm deep | 25.0 m |