Cassou-Leins, J.J. and Cassou-Leins, F. and Boisneau, P. and Baglinière, J.L. (2000) 4. La reproduction., pp. 73-92
Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
Alosa alosa | Female | Relative fecundity | 77-576 [Extreme values] | 326.5 thousand eggs/kg |
Alosa alosa | Female | Absolute fecundity | 25-636 [Extreme values] | 330.5 thousand eggs |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March to August depends on the latitude [In Europe mainly in May] | ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August'] |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | 5-14 In Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea populations | 9.5 weeks |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | Always above 12°C, but mainly at 15-18 | 16.5 °C |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Chiefly 50-100 m wide, with water current of 0.9-2 m/s | Flowing or turbulent water |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | In water less than 3 m deep | 3.0 m |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Pebbles and gravels: mainly 5-9 cm but vary between 0.2-18 cm | Lithophils |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | At the beginning of the night : chiefly during 2 to 3 hours [Longer in the Alosa alosa compared to other Alosa] | Night |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Mating system | By pair | Monogamy |
Alosa alosa | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Only one batch by night, 5 to 7 batches during a spawning season | Multiple |
Alosa fallax | Female | Relative fecundity | 84-147 [Extreme values] | 115.5 thousand eggs/kg |
Alosa fallax | Female | Absolute fecundity | 29-300 [Extreme values] | 164.5 thousand eggs |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | March to August depends on the latitude [In Europe mainly in May] | ['March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August'] |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | 3-6 In Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea populations | 4.5 weeks |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning temperature | 16-18 | 17.0 °C |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning water type | Chiefly 50-100 m wide, with water current of 0.9-2 m/s, also in estuaries | Flowing or turbulent water |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning depth | In water less than 3 m deep [sometimes between 15-30 cm] | 22.5 m |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning substrate | Pebbles and gravels: mainly 5-9 cm but vary between 0.2-18 cm | Lithophils |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Nycthemeral period of oviposition | At the beginning of the night : chiefly during 2 to 3 hours | Night |
Alosa fallax | Spawning conditions | Spawning release | Only one batch by night, 5 to 7 batches during a spawning season | Multiple |