Penaz, M. and Porkes, M. and Kouril, J. and Hamackova, J. (1983) Early development of the carp, Cyrpinus carpio. Acta Sci. Nat. Acad. Sco. Bohemoslov (Brno), pp. 1-39
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Cyprinus carpio | Egg | Oocyte diameter | The average diameter of unfertilized and unactivated eggs was 1.25 mm | 1.25 mm |
| Cyprinus carpio | Egg | Egg size after water-hardening | Within 30-40 minutes this process ended and the average diameter of eggs remained at a value of 1.65 mm. [Described in other studies as: 1.5-1.8] | 1.65 mm |
| Cyprinus carpio | Egg | Incubation time | Hatching of embryos began at 51 hours and finished at an age of 57.5 hours. The peak was observed at 54 hours at 25°C | 51.0 days |
| Cyprinus carpio | Egg | Temperature for incubation | The best hatching rsults were obtained at water temperatures in the range 15-22.5°C. At higher temperatures (from 25°C)the number of defective individuals hatched increases. At a temperature of 10°C all embryos died | 18.75 °C |
| Cyprinus carpio | Larvae | Initial larval size | The mean total length of embryos on hatching was 4.71 mm | 4.71 mm |
| Cyprinus carpio | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | Immedialty after hatching the embryos remain passively on the bottom of the tank, with occasional jerly movements, and someindividuals begin to attach themselves by means of their special adhesive glands | Demersal |
| Cyprinus carpio | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | In the larval period of development an increase in water temperature within the range of optimal temperatures (18-26°C) leads to to alagging behind a growth rate comperaed to development rate | 22.0 °C |
| Cyprinus carpio | Larvae | Full yolk-sac resorption | 70-80: At 25°C, the yolk has dissapeared completely between the 133th and 131st hour of development, less than 51-57.5 hours for hatching | 75.0 °C * day |
| Cyprinus carpio | Larvae | Onset of exogeneous feeding | 91 to 122 hour od development at 25°Cwe found that at a temperature of 25°C, the onset of the larval period, i.e. the intake of the first food, to take place at 91 hhours (4 day) following impregantion, wich corresponds to 37 hours (2 days after hatching) | 91.0 °C * day |