Wiggins, T.A and Bender, T.R. Jr. and Mudrak, V.A. and Coll, J.A. (1985) The development, feeding, growth, and survival of cultured American shad larvae through the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition. Progressive Fish-Culturist, pp. 87-93
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Alosa sapidissima | Larvae | Initial larval size | 8.7 | 8.7 mm |
| Alosa sapidissima | Larvae | Reaction to light | The incidence of feeding was higher for larvae reared in continuous light | Photopositive |
| Alosa sapidissima | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | 15.6 | 15.6 °C |
| Alosa sapidissima | Larvae | Full yolk-sac resorption | 94 [6 days at 15.6] | 94.0 °C * day |
| Alosa sapidissima | Larvae | Onset of exogeneous feeding | 94 [5 days at 15.6] | 94.0 °C * day |