Burns, J.R. (1976) The reproductive cycle and its environmental control in the pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus (Pisces: Centrarchidae). Copeia, pp. 449-455
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Female | Onset of oogenesis | From January to early May, 1972, the gonads of both sex remained small. The ovaries begin to increase in size during late and early June. The GSI of both sex remained low from August through the fall and winter. Therefore it appears that the first sign of recrudescence in both males and females occurred during late May in 1972 | ['January', 'February', 'March', 'May', 'June', 'August', 'October', 'November', 'December'] |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Female | Intensifying oogenesis activity | June | ['June'] |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Female | Maximum GSI value | Mean of 7, up to 9.5% [In July] | 7.0 percent |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Female | Resting period | From Setember to May | 2.0 months |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Male | Onset of spermatogenesis | It apperas that first sign of gonadal recrudescence occurred during late May | ['May'] |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Male | Main spermatogenesis activity | May | ['May'] |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Male | Maximum GSI value | Mean 0.9, up to 1.1% [in June] | 0.9 percent |
| Lepomis gibbosus | Male | Resting period | October to May | 8.0 months |