Johnston, T.A. and Wiegand, M.D. and Leggett, W.C. and Pronyk, R.J. and Dyal, S.D. and Watchorn, K.E. and Kollar, S. and Casselman, J.M. (2007) Hatching sucess of walleye embryos in relation to maternal and ova characteristics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, pp. 295-306
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Sander vitreus | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Soon after fertilization the eggs were treated with a weak tannic acid solution to reduce adhesion and rinsed twice. Water was then added gradually and eggs were stirred with a feather occasionally to further reduce adhesion | Non-Adhesive |
| Sander vitreus | Egg | Temperature for incubation | Incubated in seperate chambers at 12°C | 12.0 °C |
| Sander vitreus | Larvae | Initial larval size | 8.53 +/- 0.05 mm at hatching | 8.53 mm |
| Sander vitreus | Female | Age at sexual maturity | Females ranged in age from 5 to 18 years, and from 6 to 18 years in the Lake Manitoba and Lake Ontario trials. For both populations, this age range covered the majority of spawning females seen in recent spawning runs | 5.0 year |
| Sander vitreus | Female | Length at sexual maturity | Fork length, population of Manitoba 625 +/-15, and Ontario 663 +/-12 | 625.0 cm |
| Sander vitreus | Spawning conditions | Spawning season | Ripe ova were collected from individual females on 5 May and 6 May | ['May'] |