Blanchfield, P.J. and Ridgway, M.S. (1999) The cost of peripheral males in brood trout mating system. Animal Behaviour, pp. 537-544
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Salvelinus fontinalis | Female | Length at sexual maturity | Means of female sizes involved in spawing range from 36.5 ±1.2 to 41.1 ± 1.3 | 36.5 cm |
| Salvelinus fontinalis | Male | Length at sexual maturity | Means of male sizes involved in spawing range from 37.5 ±2.0 to 42.4 ± 1.2 | 37.5 cm |
| Salvelinus fontinalis | Spawning conditions | Mating system | For males and females, tha mating costs of peripheral males were substantial because more than half (56%) of all observed brrok trout spawnings involved peripheral males. Males that paired with large females experienced a greater incidence of kleptogamy due to increase numbers of peripheral males present | No category |