Crisp, 1996



Citation


Crisp, D.T. (1996) Environmental reuqirements of common riverine European salmonid fish species in fresh water with particular reference to physical and chemical aspects. Hydrobiologia, pp. 201-221

Associated characteristics


Species Development state Trait Primary Data Secondary Data
Hucho hucho Egg Temperature for incubation 5.0-13 is the temperature range for >50% survival to hatch [<1.5 and >15.5°C, lethal lower and upper limit] 9.0 °C
Salmo salar Egg Temperature for incubation 0-12.0 is the temperature range for >50% survival to hatch [<0 and >12, lethal lower and upper limit] 6.0 °C
Salmo salar Spawning conditions Homing Salmon and trout tend to return from the sea to the river of their birth [Within the river system these anadromous fish and resident trout seek to return to their natal tributary to spawn] Present
Salmo salar Spawning conditions Spawning water type Water velocities of 0.204-0.814 cm/s Flowing or turbulent water
Salmo salar Spawning conditions Spawning depth 0.15-0.91 m and 0.30-0.45 m given as "optimum" 0.53 m
Salmo trutta fario Egg Temperature for incubation 1.4-11.0 is the temperature range for >50% survival to hatch [<1.4 and >15.5, lethal lower and upper limit] 6.2 °C
Salmo trutta fario Spawning conditions Homing Salmon and trout tend to return from the sea to the river of their birth [Within the river system these anadromous fish and resident trout seek to return to their natal tributary to spawn] Present
Salmo trutta fario Spawning conditions Spawning water type Water velocities of 0.204-0.814 cm/s Flowing or turbulent water
Salmo trutta fario Spawning conditions Spawning depth 0.15-0.91 m and 0.30-0.45 m given as "optimum" 0.53 m
Salmo trutta fario Spawning conditions Spawning substrate Banks of fine gravel Lithophils
Salvelinus alpinus Egg Temperature for incubation 1.4-7.5 is the temperature range for >50% survival to hatch [<1.4 and >12.5, lethal lower and upper limit] 4.45 °C
Thymallus thymallus Egg Egg adhesiveness Slightly adhesive Adhesive
Thymallus thymallus Egg Temperature for incubation 4.1-7.5 is the temperature range for >50% survival to hatch [<3.0 and >18.5, lethal lower and upper limit] 5.8 °C
Thymallus thymallus Spawning conditions Spawning water type Mostly on the top of gravel riffles in water so shallow that the backs of the spawning fish broke the water surface No category
Thymallus thymallus Spawning conditions Spawning depth 0.2-0.65 0.43 m
Thymallus thymallus Spawning conditions Spawning substrate 5 to 15% of sand, 40-70% of gravel (< 2 cm in diameter), 20-30 % small stones (2-10 cm in diamter) and a few larger stones (>10 cm diameter) Lithophils