Prat, F. and Zanuy, S. and Bromage, N. and Carrillo, M. (1999) Effects of constant and short and long photoperiod regimes on the spawning performance and sex steroid levels of female and male sea bass. Journal of fish biology, pp. 125-137
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Dicentrarchus labrax | Male | Spermatogenesis duration | All males were spermiating from December to March | 5.0 months |
| Dicentrarchus labrax | Spawning conditions | Spawning period duration | About 4 weeks for the female, much longer for males, seems to be 2-3 months | 2.5 weeks |