Opuszynski, K. and Shireman, J.V. and Aldridge, F.J. and Rottmann, R. (1985) Intensive culture of grass carp and hybrid carp larvae. J. Fish. Biol., pp. 563-573
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Ctenopharyngodon idella | Larvae | Temperature during larval development | During the grass carp experiments, water temperature averaged 27.7°C in the outdoor facilities and about 2°C lower in the indoor tanks [Also reared in other studies at 23-25°C; 21°C, 24°C and 28.1°C; final lethal temperature of 39.7°C] | 24.0 °C |