French III, J.R. and Edsall, T.A., 1992. Morphology of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus) protolarvae from the St. Louis River, Lake Superior. Journal of Freshwater Ecology, 7(1), pp.59-68.
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Gymnocephalus cernua | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 0.90-1.20 | 1.05 mm |
| Gymnocephalus cernua | Larvae | Initial larval size | 2.50-3.20 | 2.85 mm |
| Gymnocephalus cernua | Larvae | Full yolk-sac resorption | 7 days @ 20-22 C | 21.0 °C * day |