ZIGLER, S.J., 2009. Biology and life history of paddlefish in North America: an update. In American Fisheries Society Symposium (Vol. 66, pp. 1-22).
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Polyodon spathula | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |
| Polyodon spathula | Egg | Egg size after water-hardening | 2.00-4.00 | 3.0 mm |
| Polyodon spathula | Egg | Incubation time | 6-7 | 6.5 days |
| Polyodon spathula | Egg | Temperature for incubation | 18 | 18.0 °C |
| Polyodon spathula | Larvae | Initial larval size | 8.5 | 8.5 mm |
| Polyodon spathula | Larvae | Larvae behaviour | Pelagic | Pelagic |
| Polyodon spathula | Larvae | Sibling intracohort cannibalism | present | Present |