Benz, G.W. and Jacobs, R.P. (1986) Pratical field methods of sexing largemouth bass. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, pp. 221-225
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Micropterus salmoides | Male | Male sexual dimorphism | The genital papilla method (i.e.the presence on females and the absence on males of a genital papilla, a redish protuberance surronding the urogenital papilla) was successufl during the spring but only 48% successful during the fall. The shape of the urogenital opening (round in males, ovale in females) was a poor indicator of sex (53% of the fish were sexed correctly). Probing the urogenital opening was the best single method; it provided success rates of 90% (probe depth) and 94/ (probe length) | Absent |