Paine, M.D. and Balon, E.K., 1984. Early development of the rainbow darter, Etheostoma caeruleum, according to the theory of saltatory ontogeny. Environmental biology of fishes, 11(4), pp.277-299.
| Species | Development state | Trait | Primary Data | Secondary Data |
| Percina caprodes | Egg | Oocyte diameter | 1.20 | 1.2 mm |
| Percina caprodes | Egg | Egg adhesiveness | Adhesive | Adhesive |